联合国再次升级对朝制裁

The UN has unanimously adopted its strongest sanctions yet on North Korea, aimed at depriving Pyongyang of more than $1.3bn in annual revenues and boosting pressure on Kim Jong Un’s regime following its recent nuclear test.

在朝鲜不久前进行核试验之后，联合国(UN)已一致通过迄今最强力的对朝制裁措施，希望令该国丧失每年逾13亿美元的收入，并向金正恩(Kim Jong Un)政权施加更大压力。

The measures, which include an embargo on textile exports, a halt to employing additional North Korean workers overseas and a cap on refined petroleum trading that will reduce oil imports by 30 per cent, won support from China and Russia, but only after stronger proposals circulated by the US were watered down.

制裁赢得了中国和俄罗斯的支持，但在此之前，美国提出的更强力制裁提议被淡化。制裁措施包括禁止朝鲜纺织品出口、停止在海外聘用更多朝鲜劳工，并设置了精炼石油产品的交易上限——此举将使朝鲜石油进口减少30%。

“Combined with the previous Security Council resolutions, over 90 per cent of North Korea’s publicly reported 2016 exports of $2.7bn are now banned,” said a statement from the US mission to the UN, adding they were “the strongest sanctions ever imposed on North Korea”.

美国驻联合国使团发表声明称，“加上安理会此前的决议，如今，公开报道所称的朝鲜2016年27亿美元出口额的90%以上被禁止了。”该使团补充称，这是“迄今最强力的对朝制裁措施”。

The Trump administration originally pushed for a UN Security Council resolution that would place an embargo on refined petroleum exports to North Korea. But according to the final resolution, Pyongyang can import 500,000 tonnes over the final three months of 2017 and 2m tonnes in 2018. It will also be banned from importing all natural gas liquids.

最初，特朗普政府试图推动联合国安理会通过一项禁止向朝鲜出口精炼石油产品的决议。但根据这份最终决议，在2017年最后3个月，朝鲜可以进口50万吨精炼石油产品，2018年则可以进口200万吨。决议还禁止朝鲜进口所有天然气液(NGL)。

Washington, which estimates the textile ban alone will cost the Kim regime $800m, is trying to ratchet up the pressure on Pyongyang to boost its leverage ahead of any future talks with North Korea about dismantling its nuclear programme.

美国估计，纺织品禁运将给金正恩政权造成8亿美元损失。美国正在加大对朝施压力度，以便在未来与朝鲜进行放弃其核计划的谈判之前，增大自己的影响力。

The stakes have increased dramatically this year as North Korea has accelerated the pace of its rocket tests, conducting two intercontinental ballistic missiles launches and flying a ballistic missile over Japan. Most recently, Pyongyang conducted its sixth nuclear test of what it said was a hydrogen bomb.

今年，危险性大大提高了，因为朝鲜加快了导弹试验的步伐，进行了两次洲际弹道导弹试验，另有一枚弹道导弹在试射时飞越了日本上空。最近，朝鲜进行了第6次核试验，并声称爆炸的是一枚氢弹。

“Today we are saying the world will never accept a nuclear armed North Korea,” said Nikki Haley, US ambassador to the UN. “It is alone, it is dark and it is getting darker,” she said of the regime.

“今天我们说，世界绝不会接受一个拥有核武器的朝鲜，”美国驻联合国大使尼基•黑利(Nikki Haley)说。“朝鲜孤单，黑暗，并将变得更黑暗，”她在谈起朝鲜政权时表示。

“We have learned that half-efforts against the regime have not worked,” she added, citing a range of other global measures against the country following intensive lobbying by the US. These include the Philippines cutting off all trade with North Korea, Thailand reducing its ties and Mexico declaring North Korea’s ambassador as persona non grata.

“我们已意识到，半心半意地对付朝鲜，并未奏效，”她接着说。她指的是在美国的强大游说之后提出的一系列其他全球性措施。其中包括菲律宾切断与朝鲜的一切贸易往来，泰国削减与朝鲜的联系，以及墨西哥宣布朝鲜大使为不受欢迎的人。

Ahead of Monday evening’s vote at the UN, Russia and China had signalled their opposition to a complete embargo on petrol and other refined petroleum products. Vladimir Putin, the Russian president, last week said that North Korea would rather “eat grass” than yield to outside pressure.

在周一晚的联合国投票之前，俄罗斯和中国针对实施石油和其他精炼石油产品完全禁运提出了反对意见。俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔•普京(Vladimir Putin)上周表示，朝鲜将宁愿“吃草”，也不会屈服于外来压力。

In a statement ahead of the vote, North Korea defended its development of a hydrogen bomb, saying its nuclear programme represents “legitimate self-defensive measures” and that the US has revealed itself “as a bloody-thirsty beast obsessed with the wild dream of reversing [North Korea’s] development of the state nuclear force”.

在投票之前发布的声明中，朝鲜为自己研发氢弹进行了辩护。朝鲜表示，其核计划是“合法的自卫措施”，美国作为“一头嗜血野兽的本性表露无遗，疯狂梦想要扭转(朝鲜)发展核子力量的计划”。

It said it would make sure the US pays a “due price” should the resolution pass, threatening to cause the US “the greatest pain and suffering it has ever gone through in its entire history”.

朝鲜表示，如果决议通过，其将确保美国付出“应有代价”，威胁让美国承受“其在自己全部历史上所经历过的最大疼痛和折磨”。