早报：特朗普威胁关闭政府；第七舰队司令丢官
早安。
Here’s what you need to know:
以下是今天不容错过的新闻：
• Analysts are poring over new hints from North Korea that it is developing more advanced, solid-fuel ballistic missiles. Such missiles are easier to transport and hide up to the moment of launch, reducing their vulnerability to a pre-emptive strike.
• 分析人士正在仔细研究朝鲜的最新暗示，即它正在研发更为先进的固体燃料弹道导弹。这样的导弹更易运输和隐藏，减少了他们遭受先发制人打击的风险。
The photo above, carried in the main state-run newspaper, showed what appeared to be a conceptual diagram for an “underwater strategic ballistic missile” with an extended range. Submarine launches are also harder to forestall.
上图似乎是一个延长射程的“水下战略弹道导弹”的概念图，它刊登在一份主要的官方报纸上。潜艇水下发射同样更难预防。
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• In the Philippines, the death of 17-year-old has critics of President Rodrigo Duterte cautiously optimistic that public support for his drug war is eroding.
• 在菲律宾，一名17岁年轻人的死亡让罗德里戈·杜特地(Rodrigo Duterte)总统的批评人士谨慎乐观地认为，公众对其毒品战的支持正在降低。
The Senate has opened an investigation, and Mr. Duterte has ordered that those responsible for the death be taken into custody.
菲律宾参议院开始展开调查，杜特地也命令拘捕这起死亡事件的责任人。
“It is a much needed jolt,” one rights campaigner said.
“这是一个急需的警醒，”一名权利活动人士说。
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• President Trump’s roiled relationship with Congress reached a new low, as lawmakers absorbed his threat to shut down the government if they do not fund his promised border wall with Mexico.
• 特朗普总统与国会之间的动荡关系达到了新低，立法者扛住了如果不为他在墨西哥边境筑墙的承诺出资，就让政府关闭的威胁。
His relationship with Mitch McConnell, who as the Senate majority leader would play a central role in pursuing Mr. Trump’s legislative agenda, has disintegrated to the point that they have not spoken in weeks.
他与参议院多数党领袖米奇·麦康奈尔(Mitch McConnell)的关系已经到了几周没有说话的地步，后者在推进特朗普的立法议程中扮演着核心角色。
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• The U.S. Navy removed the commander of the Seventh Fleet after four accidents in Asian waters this year, including two in the past two months that left more than a dozen sailors dead.
• 美国海军今年在亚洲水域发生了四起事故后将第七舰队司令撤职。四起事故包含近两个月的两起，它们造成十多名水兵死亡。
Vice Adm. Joseph Aucoin, pictured above in June, had been set to retire within weeks, but his superiors had lost confidence in him.
约瑟夫·奥库安(Joseph Aucoin)中将(上图，摄于六月)原本在数周内退休，但上级对他已经失去了信心。
The Navy is preparing to conduct an extremely rare suspension of ship operations worldwide for a day or two in the next week to review safety and operational procedures.
海军做出罕见之举，准备下周在全球范围内暂停一两天的船舶作业，对安全和操作程序进行检查。
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• A long wait for South Korea ends Friday, when a verdict is expected in the blockbuster bribery trial of Jay Y. Lee, the heir to the Samsung empire.
• 韩国一个漫长的等待将于周五结束。三星帝国继承人李在镕(Jay Y. Lee)的巨额贿赂案有可能作出裁决。
Prosecutors are under intense pressure to win a conviction. The defense insists evidence is lacking, and Mr. Lee maintains he was simply naïve in handling requests from a confidante of Park Geun-hye, the president ousted as the case exploded.
检察官面临很大的定罪压力。辩方则坚持认为缺乏证据，李在镕坚称自己处理朴槿惠(Park Geun-hye)闺蜜的请求时太幼稚。案情败露后，总统遭到弹劾。
Meanwhile, Samsung’s business operations carried on, unveiling the Galaxy Note 8 for the North American market and listing its stops to avoid repeating the overheating and explosions of its Galaxy Note 7.
与此同时，三星的商业经营未受影响，在北美市场推出Galaxy Note 8，并列出了防止Galaxy Note 7过热爆炸现象重演的措施。
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• Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull denounced anti-gay campaign material, including fliers calling homosexuality “a tragedy of a family,” that have appeared in the lead-up to a nonbinding postal vote on legalizing same-sex marriage in Australia. (Registration closes today.)
• 澳大利亚总理马尔科姆·特恩布尔(Malcolm Turnbull)谴责了反同性恋运动的宣传材料，包括将同性恋者称为“家庭悲剧”的传单。这些材料是在澳大利亚即将举行同性婚姻合法化无法律效力的邮寄投票之前出现的(投票注册今日截止)。
The fliers, which circulated this week in Melbourne and Sydney, are the latest salvo in a heated national debate that has involved politicians, religious leaders and rallies, like the one above this month in Sydney.
本周在墨尔本和悉尼散布的传单是这一全国性辩论中的最新炮火，政界人士、宗教领袖和集会(如上图在悉尼的集会，摄于本月)在辩论中轮番上阵。
Business
商业
• Great Wall Motor isn’t the only Chinese company interested in Fiat Chrysler’s Jeep unit. Our business team has learned that the Italian-American automaker has been in talks with a number of others for months, on both Jeep and the Ram pickup division.
• 长城汽车并非唯一对菲亚特克莱斯勒(Fiat Chrysler)的吉普(Jeep)品牌感兴趣的中国公司。我们的商业记者团队了解到，这个意大利—美国汽车制造商几个月来已经就吉普和公羊皮卡(Ram pickup)与多家公司举行了洽谈。
• Researchers found that Exxon Mobil “misled the public” about climate change even as its own scientists were recognizing greenhouse gas emissions as a risk to the planet.
• 研究人员发现，埃克森美孚公司(Exxon Mobil)在气候变化问题上“误导大众”，即使是该公司自己的科学家都认定，温室气体排放对地球而言是一个风险。
• Dear iPhone: With Apple’s 10th anniversary event nearing, our tech columnist looked at why the iPhone still has so many of us in its grip.
•亲爱的iPhone：随着苹果手机10周年庆祝活动的临近，我们的技术专栏作家分析了为什么iPhone仍可以牢牢掌握我们这么多人。
• U.S. stocks were slightly down. Here’s a snapshot of global markets.
•美国股市略微下跌。这里是全球市场一览
In the News
其他
• India’s railway minister accepted “full moral responsibility” and the chairman of India’s railway board resigned after two train derailments in five days injured scores and left at least 23 dead. [BBC]
• 印度五天内发生两起火车脱轨事故，导致多人受伤，至少23人死亡。印度的铁道部长称承担“所有的道义责任”，印度铁路董事长辞职。(BBC)
• President Trump invited Prime Minister Najib Razak of Malaysia to the White House in September, despite Mr. Najib’s involvement in a billion-dollar corruption scandal. [The New York Times]
• 尽管马来西亚总理纳吉布·拉扎克(Najib Razak)涉嫌一起10亿美元的腐败丑闻，特朗普总统仍邀请他九月访问白宫。(《纽约时报》)
• The Trump administration denied Egypt $96 million in aid and delayed $195 million in military funding over concerns about Egypt’s human rights record and its relationship with North Korea. [The New York Times]
• 特朗普政府因对埃及人权纪录的担忧及其与朝鲜的关系，而拒绝对埃及提供9600万美元的援助，并延迟了1.95亿美元的军费拨款。(《纽约时报》)
• A court in Brisbane holds the first hearing on Australian parliamentarians who hold dual citizenship, amid pressure for the country’s High Court to weigh in soon. [ABC]
• 布里斯班(Brisbane)一个法庭对澳大利亚国会议员拥有双重国籍一事举行首场听证会，向该国的最高法院施压，促使其尽快做出权衡。(ABC)
• Cambodia ordered foreigners working for a U.S. nonprofit, the National Democratic Institute, to leave the country. [The New York Times]
• 柬埔寨命令为美国非营利机构国际民主研究院(National Democratic Institute)工作的外国人离开该国。(《纽约时报》)
• Astana, Kazakhstan, is holding Expo 2017, a world’s fair that seems to be focused on future energy, and dancing. Plus, you can get horse meat on pizza. [The New York Times]
• 哈萨克斯坦阿斯塔纳正在举行2017年世博会。这是一个世界级的展会，它似乎聚焦在未来能源和舞蹈上。此外，你还能吃到马肉匹萨。(《纽约时报》)
Smart Living
智慧生活
Tips, both new and old, for a more fulfilling life.
新旧小贴士，让你的生活更充实。
• Avoid the common pitfalls of being a roommate.
• 避免作为室友的常见问题。
• The best running stride? Your natural gait.
• 最佳跑步步幅?你的自然步态。
• Recipe of the day: Salmon with sesame and herbs hits all the right notes: salty, sweet and sour.
• 今日食谱：芝麻香草三文鱼，口味搭配得如此完美——咸、甜、酸。
Noteworthy
值得注意的
• The war in Afghanistan has vexed three American presidencies and outlasted a dozen U.S. military commanders. Times photographers chronicled the 16-year conflict, and this graphic shows the areas of Taliban control.
• 阿富汗战争让三届美国总统为难，比十几任美军指挥官的任期都要长。时报摄影师记录了这16年来的冲突，这幅图像展现了被塔利班控制的地区。
On our podcast “The Daily,” Matt Rosenberg, who covered Afghanistan from 2008 to 2014, explains the theory behind U.S. nation-building there.
• 在我们的播客“每日新闻(The Daily)”中，曾在2008年至2014年报道阿富汗的记者马特·罗森博格(Matt Rosenberg)解释了美国在那里建立国家背后的理论。
• In memoriam: Colin Meads, 81, one of New Zealand’s greatest and most revered rugby players. “It was as if God had distilled in him the essence of competition,” a journalist once wrote.
• 纪念：科林·米兹(Colin Meads)是新西兰最伟大、最受尊敬的橄榄球运动员，享年81岁。一位记者曾经这样写道，“就好像上帝在他身上注入竞争的精髓。”
• Aha School, a Shanghai-based education start-up, is taking children from more than 180,000 Chinese households on a virtual tour of 10 of the world’s most famous museums. A rural teacher enthused: “For many of them, even going to the closest town is difficult because their families don’t have money for travel.”
• 一间位于上海的教育创业公司Aha School吸引超过18万中国家庭的孩子通过虚拟方式参观世界十个最著名的博物馆。一位农村教师激动地说：“对他们许多人而言，就算去最近的城镇都很困难。他们家里没有钱让他们旅行。”
• The hashtag is celebrating its 10th birthday.
• 主题标签(hashtag)正在庆祝它10岁的生日。
• And 40 years ago, a pair of Voyager probes were dispatched to explore outer space. Back then, our science reporter writes, the dream of distant worlds was magic.
• 40年前，一对Voyager探测器被派去探索外层空间。当时我们的科学记者写道，对遥远世界的梦有如魔术。
Back Story
幕后故事
We often go back in history for our back stories, but today we’re going way back.
我们经常回顾时报以往的报道，今天我们要再往历史深处追溯。
Mount Vesuvius erupted on this day in 79 A.D., burying the Roman town of Pompeii under a heap of ash, rocks and pumice.
公元前79年的今天，维苏威火山(Mount Vesuvius)爆发，将罗马小城庞贝掩埋在灰烬、岩石和浮石之下。
Most of what we know of the event we owe to Pliny the Younger, who described it in a letter to the Roman historian Tacitus. According to the account, in the early afternoon that day, Pliny’s mother told his uncle, Pliny the Elder, that “a cloud which appeared of a very unusual size and shape” was approaching.
我们对这一事件的了解主要仰赖于小普利尼(Pliny the Younger)，他在给罗马历史学家塔西陀(Tacitus)的信中描述了此事。据记载，当天下午稍早时，小普利尼的妈妈告诉他的叔叔老普利尼(Pliny the Elder)，“一片看起来大小和形状都十分怪异的云彩”正在飘来。
“I cannot give you a more exact description,” Pliny the Younger wrote of the cloud, “than by likening it to that of a pine-tree, for it shot up to a great height in the form of a very tall trunk, which spread itself out at the top into a sort of branches.”
“我给不出更准确的描述了，” 小普利尼写到这片云时说，“它像是一棵松树，树干长得极高，顶部像枝叶一样散开。”
Pliny the Elder set off by boat to explore the cloud’s source, encountering “black pieces of burning rock” along the way. Yet he continued onward, reportedly telling his pilot, “Fortune favors the bold.”
老普利尼乘坐小船去探索这片云彩的来源，一路上遇到许多“滚烫的黑色石块”。然后他继续对船员说，“幸运总是偏爱大胆的人。”
The maxim, however — at least that day — proved false.
然而这句格言被证伪了——至少在那天。
“He suffocated,” his nephew wrote, “by some gross and noxious vapor.”
“他闷死了”，侄子写道，“被恶臭的毒气。”
