前国际奥委会主席萨马兰奇逝世

Juan Antonio Samaranch 1910-2010
胡安•安东尼奥•萨马兰奇(Juan Antonio Samaranch) 1920-2010

As president of the International Olympic Committee for 21 years starting in 1980, Juan Antonio Samaranch led a transformation of the Games into a highly commercialized spectacle of professional athletes, one that nations compete to host.
萨马兰奇自1980年起担任国际奥林匹克委员会(International Olympic Committee)主席。在任21年间，他推行的改革把奥运会变成了一场职业运动员的盛会，一个各国争相主办的、高度商业化的盛事。

Mr. Samaranch, who died Wednesday at age 89, oversaw the elimination of amateurism, a cornerstone of the Olympics since their revival in 1896 by Pierre de Coubertin. He also led the Games into increasingly lucrative television contracts and corporate sponsorships that rescued the IOC's finances.
萨马兰奇于周三去世，享年89岁。在他的指导下，奥运会摒弃了业余原则。自1896年顾拜旦(Pierre de Coubertin)恢复举办奥运会以来，这曾一直是奥林匹克运动的基石。他还带领奥运会获得了利润越来越丰厚的电视转播合同和企业赞助，挽救了国际奥委会的财务。

But with the increase in prestige and finance came a series of bribery scandals surrounding the awarding of the 2002 Winter Games to Salt Lake City. Also under Mr. Samaranch's leadership, doping scandals emerged. To his credit, Mr. Samaranch instituted organizational reforms to address the bribing of IOC members, but for much of Mr. Samaranch's tenure the IOC seemed deficient in detecting drug use.
但就在他的声望不断升高、国际奥委会的资金愈发充裕之际，美国盐湖城获得2002年冬奥会主办权一事爆出一系列贿赂丑闻。运动员服用禁药的丑闻也出现在萨马兰奇担任主席期间。值得称赞的是，萨马兰奇对奥委会组织进行了改革以解决成员受贿的问题。但他在任期间，对违禁药品的检测仍显不足。

The son of a prosperous Barcelona textile manufacturer, he joined the Spanish Olympic Committee, and led Spanish teams to the Olympics starting in 1956. In 1966, he was named Spain's minister of sports.
但就在他的声望不断升高、国际奥委会的资金愈发充裕之际，美国盐湖城获得2002年冬奥会主办权一事爆出一系列贿赂丑闻。运动员服用禁药的丑闻也出现在萨马兰奇担任主席期间。值得称赞的是，萨马兰奇对奥委会组织进行了改革以解决成员受贿的问题。但他在任期间，对违禁药品的检测仍显不足。

In 1977, Mr. Samaranch became Spain's ambassador to the Soviet Union. His experience came in handy in the run-up to the 1980 Moscow Olympics, after which he was elected president of the IOC.
1977年，萨马兰奇成为西班牙驻苏联大使。在1980年莫斯科奥运会前夕，他过去的经历派上了用场。莫斯科奥运会后，他当选国际奥委会主席。

The IOC was in disarray, nearly bankrupt, and the Olympic movement seemed on the wane. Mr. Samaranch engineered a turnaround, helped by the 1984 Los Angeles Games, which were widely deemed successful.
当时，国际奥委会正陷入一片混乱，几近破产，奥林匹克运动似乎正逐渐衰落。在萨马兰奇的推动下，奥林匹克运动以1984年洛杉矶奥运会为契机成功逆转，外界广泛认为洛杉矶奥运会十分成功。

After Los Angeles, cities around the world began to vie to host Olympiads. Corporate sponsorships and TV contracts surged. To maximize interest, the IOC moved the winter and summer Games to separate years in the early 1990s.
洛杉矶奥运会之后，世界各大城市开始争夺奥运会的主办权。企业赞助和电视转播合同激增。为了实现利益最大化，国际奥委会于上世纪90年代初将冬季奥运会和夏季奥运会的举办时间错开到不同年份。

As the IOC's fortunes multiplied, Mr. Samaranch demanded he be referred to as 'your excellency,' and insisted on lavish surroundings.
随着国际奥委会的财富不断增多，萨马兰奇要求别人称其为“阁下”，并坚持要讲排场。

'He was very regal, but also gracious,' says Neal Pilson, president of CBS Sports in the 1990s, when he led negotiations to cover three winter Olympics.
皮尔森 (Neal Pilson)说，萨马兰奇派头十足，但也很亲切。皮尔森上世纪90年代担任CBS体育部总裁期间通过谈判获得了三届冬奥会的转播权。

Mr. Samaranch weathered the Salt Lake City scandal and retired in 2001 after 21 years as IOC president. In retirement he headed the Olympic Museum he founded in Lausanne, Switzerland. He also helped organize unsuccessful bids for Spain to host the 2012 and 2016 Games
萨马兰奇担任国际奥委会主席长达21年。他挺过了盐湖城丑闻危机，并于2001年退休。之后，他在由他创办的瑞士洛桑奥林匹克博物馆担任主席一职。他还帮助组织了西班牙申办2012年和2016年奥运会的行动，但未获成功。