2021考研英语长难句真题解析（九）

　　

　　英语二翻译的长难句解析

　　Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route. The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was proportionately shorter.

　　先看下第三个句子：whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand.

　　Whichever it is是一个让步状语从句。whichever可以翻译为：无论哪一个，类似的词还有whatever,however,wherever等。考虑到上文说的是route，则这里翻译为不管是哪条路。you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand.是主句部分，twist当名词用，是转弯处、转变等意思，turn也是转变/拐弯等意思，这两个词连用有点押头韵的感觉，也加强了修饰作用，是曲曲折折，转变，迂回婉转等意思。

　　如果直接翻译you know every twist and tum可以是:你知道路上的每一个拐弯.like the back of your hand.直译的结果是:像知道自己的手背一样，它也是英语的一种习惯表达，一般指:非常熟悉。正因为这句话加强了修饰作用，所以不妨把上面的:知道每一个拐弯。用中文重复的方式来加强语气，翻译为你熟悉每一个拐每一个弯。like the back of your hand:了如指掌。

　　最终完整的翻译是不管是那条路，你对每一个拐每一个弯都了如指掌，非常熟悉。

　　再来看下第六个句子：.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.

　　This is the well-travelled road effect是主句部分。travel是行驶，行走，旅行的意思，合成词well-travelled按照合成的方式分析是travelled will，意思是：经常走的。修饰road意思就是：熟悉的路线，熟路。effect是效应、结果的意思。翻译为：即这就是所谓的“熟路效应”。

　　people tend to underestimate the time是同位语从句，tend to意思是：倾向于、往往。underestimate是：低估的意思，直接翻译即可：人们往往会低估时间。 it takes to travel a familiar route.是定语从句，修饰前面的the time。所以， it takes应该是it takes (the time)to travel a familiar route.意思是：在熟悉的线路上所花费的时间。

　　最终完整的翻译就是：这就是所谓的“熟路效应”：人们往往会低估在熟悉的线路上所花费的时间。