罗马广场:古罗马帝国繁荣昌盛的证明

罗马广场:古罗马帝国繁荣昌盛的证明

There are few cities in the world that has a history as long as Rome, Italy. Walking through the city's cobblestone streets is an unforgettable experience, as each turn presents an iconic setting from history. But few places are more impressive than the triumphal arches, the towering temples and the fallen columns of the Roman square, where for centuries the fate of the ancient Roman Empire and its people were decided.

世界上很少有城市像意大利的罗马一样拥有如此悠久的历史。行走在城市的鹅卵石街道上是一次难忘的经历，因为每一个转弯都是历史上标志性的场景。但没有什么地方比凯旋门、高耸的庙宇和罗马广场倒下的柱子更令人印象深刻了。几个世纪以来，古罗马帝国及其人民的命运就在这里决定着。

If you are planning a trip to Rome then here is what you need to know about the Roman Square.

如果你计划去罗马旅行，那么这是关于罗马广场你需要知道的。

Top 6 monuments to visit in the Roman Square

罗马广场六大值得参观的古迹

Temple of Antoninus and Faustina

安东尼和福斯蒂纳神庙

From Via Sacra, the steps leading to the temple of Antoninus Pius and his wife Faustina were built in 141 to honor the deified queen. In the 12th century, the temple was converted to the Church of San Lorenzo in Miranda, but when Emperor Charles V visited Rome in 1536, the columns were removed from the medieval masonry.

从Sacra穿过，通往安东尼和他的妻子福斯蒂纳神庙的台阶建于141年，以纪念被神化的女王。在12世纪，这座寺庙被改建成位于米兰达的圣洛伦佐教堂，但当皇帝查尔斯五世在1536年访问罗马时，这些柱子被从中世纪的砖石建筑中移除。

Temple of Castor and Pollux

卡斯特和波利克斯的神庙

The three 12-meter Corinthian columns are all that still exist from the Temple of Castor and Pollux, rebuilt during the reign of Tiberius in the first century to replace the original that was built in 484 BC by the son of the dictator Aulus Postumius.

这三根12米长的科林斯圆柱是现存的卡斯特和波利克斯神庙的全部，在一世纪的提比略统治时期重建，取代了公元前484年由独裁者奥勒斯·波斯特米乌斯的儿子建造的原始神庙。

This victory is attributed to the help of Dioscuri - Castor and Pollux, they are the subject of many mythological stories, partly Greek origin and partly Etruscan origin. One legend says that after their victory, Castor and Pollux rode to Rome and watered their horses at a stream here.

这场胜利归功于迪奥斯库里-卡斯特和波利克斯的帮助，他们是许多神话故事的主题，一部分源于希腊，一部分源于伊特鲁里亚。有一个传说说，得胜之后，卡斯特和波利克斯骑马来到罗马，在这里的一条小溪里给马饮水。

Temple of Saturn

土星神庙

Built around 497 BC, the Temple of Saturn is one of the most important and most revered temples in the Roman Square. It was reserved for a god of Etruscan origin but was considered the supreme deity by the Romans. It was destroyed by fire several times, the last in the fourth century, but it has also been rebuilt several times.

土星神庙建于公元前497年，是罗马广场上最重要和最受尊敬的神庙之一。它是为起源于伊特鲁里亚的神保留的，但被罗马人认为是至高无上的神。它曾被大火烧毁过几次，最后一次是在公元4世纪，但它也被重建过几次。

Arch of Septimius Severus

凯旋门

The Roman Senate and its people traditionally built triumphal arches to honor victorious emperors and generals, and in 203, this 23-meter-high arch was erected opposite Church of Santi Martina e Luca, to commemorate Septimius Severus and his sons Caracalla and Geta. On the arches, there are four marble reliefs representing the periods of these wars.

罗马元老院和它的人民建造凯旋门传统上来纪念胜利的皇帝和将军。203年，这个23米高的拱门被竖立在桑提·玛蒂娜·e·卢卡教堂的对面，以纪念塞普蒂米乌斯·西弗勒斯和他的儿子卡拉卡拉和格塔。在拱门上，有四个大理石浮雕代表这些战争时期。

Temple of Vesta

灶神庙

As one of the most sacred and important buildings in ancient Rome, the Temple of Vesta contains the Sacred Fire. The fire is guarded by the Vestals, six priestesses selected from the children of the best families in Rome. This eternal flame is of great importance in Rome. On the first day of new year, the people have tradition of putting out fires in their houses and setting new flames from the fire in the Temple of Vesta, Roman Square.

灶神庙是古罗马最神圣、最重要的建筑之一，蕴含着神圣之火。火由贞女守卫，六位女祭司从罗马最好的家庭的孩子中挑选出来。这永恒的火焰在罗马是非常重要的。在新年的第一天，人们有扑灭家里的火和在罗马广场的维斯塔神庙点燃新的火焰的传统。

House of the Vestals

贞女之家

Adjacent to the Temple of Vesta is the House of the Vestal Virgins, also built by Septimius Severus. You can still easily imagine the structure of the building from the remaining base. In the courtyard are statues of the leaders with their virtues engraved on pedestals.

毗连灶神殿是贞女的房子，也是由塞普蒂米乌斯·西弗勒斯建造的。你仍然可以很容易地从剩下的基础上想象建筑的结构。院子里的基座上雕刻着领袖们的德行雕像。