甲状腺功能减退症患者不宜吃什么食物?

甲状腺功能减退症患者不宜吃什么食物?

Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disease in which thyroid function is disrupted, preventing the organ from producing enough hormones such as thyroxine, T3, and T4 - which are essential for the body's metabolism. People with hypothyroidism can have hypocalcemia, which greatly affects the heart, nervous system and the process of regulating heat in the body.

甲状腺功能减退症是一种内分泌疾病，导致甲状腺功能紊乱，无法产生足够的甲状腺素，T3和T4等对人体新陈代谢至关重要的激素。甲状腺功能减退症患者会出现低钙血症，严重影响心脏、神经系统和体内调节体温的过程。

Hypothyroidism is not an easy disease to treat, and daily diet also significantly affects the patient's treatment.

甲状腺功能减退症不是一种容易治疗的疾病，日常饮食也显著影响患者的治疗。

Certain nutrients can have a significant effect on thyroid function, and some foods inhibit the absorption of the replacement hormones you need to treat hypothyroidism.

某些营养物质对甲状腺功能有显著影响，一些食物会抑制治疗甲状腺功能减退所需的替代激素的吸收。

The foods are not good for people with hypothyroidism

这些食物对甲状腺功能减退的人不好

Foods containing soybeans (boiled soybeans, tofu, miso ...)

含黄豆的食物(煮黄豆、豆腐、味噌等)

Soy contains isoflavones - a compound that has the ability to negatively impact the thyroid gland. Some researchers believe that eating too much soybeans can increase the risk of hypothyroidism. However, according to a study published in Scientific Reports in March 2019, soy has no effect on thyroid hormones and the increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone is also minimal.

大豆含有异黄酮——一种对甲状腺有负面影响的化合物。一些研究人员认为，吃太多大豆会增加患甲状腺功能减退症的风险。然而，根据2019年3月发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究，大豆对甲状腺激素没有影响，而且促甲状腺激素的增加也是微乎其微的。

However, a few other studies also show that soy consumption can affect the ability to absorb thyroid medicine. Therefore, you should only take the drug after at least 4 hours of eating soybeans.

然而，其他一些研究也表明大豆的摄入会影响甲状腺药物的吸收能力。因此，你应该在食用大豆至少4小时后服用该药。

Cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower ...)

十字花科蔬菜(西兰花，花菜…)

Cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli and cabbage, are loaded with fiber and other nutrients. However, they can interfere with thyroid hormone production if you have an iodine deficiency. Therefore, you should limit your intake of Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, turnips, chard ...

十字花科蔬菜，如花椰菜和卷心菜，富含纤维和其他营养物质。然而，如果你患有碘缺乏症，它们会干扰甲状腺激素的产生。因此，你应该限制你的球芽甘蓝，卷心菜，花椰菜，羽衣甘蓝，萝卜，甜菜的摄入量…

Many studies show that eating these vegetables can prevent the thyroid from using iodine, which is essential for the thyroid to function properly. However, according to the Mayo Clinic, it takes large amounts of cruciferous vegetables to actually impact iodine absorption.

许多研究表明，食用这些蔬菜可以防止甲状腺使用碘，而碘是甲状腺正常工作所必需的。然而，根据梅奥诊所的说法，需要大量的十字花科蔬菜才能真正影响碘的吸收。

Patients with hypothyroidism and iodine deficiency can still eat these cruciferous vegetables, but they must be thoroughly cooked to minimize their impact on the thyroid gland. In addition, you should also not eat these vegetables more than 140g / day.

甲状腺功能减退和碘缺乏的患者仍然可以吃这些十字花科蔬菜，但必须彻底煮熟，以减少它们对甲状腺的影响。此外，你也不应该吃这些蔬菜超过140克/天。

Gluten-containing foods (bread, pasta, rice ...)

含谷蛋白食物(面包、意大利面、米饭……)

According to Ruth Frechman - a nutritionist and spokesperson for the Institute of Nutrition in Los Angeles, patients with hypothyroidism should limit their intake of gluten - a protein found in processed foods such as wheat, barley, and rice. rye and decent grains. If you have Celiac disease, gluten can irritate the small intestine and interfere with the absorption of thyroid hormone replacement medications.

据营养学家兼洛杉矶营养研究所发言人Ruth Frechman说，甲状腺功能减退症患者应该限制麸质的摄入量。麸质是一种存在于加工食品如小麦、大麦和大米中的蛋白质。黑麦和优质谷物。如果你患有乳糜泻，谷蛋白会刺激小肠干扰甲状腺激素替代药物的吸收。

A study published in the journal Endocrine Connections in May 2017 found that hypothyroidism and Celiac disease often appear together. Currently, there are no studies to prove that a gluten-free diet can cure hypothyroidism, but it may have some benefits for women with hypothyroidism.

2017年5月发表在《内分泌联系》杂志上的一项研究发现，甲状腺功能减退症和乳糜泻经常同时出现。目前，还没有研究证明无谷蛋白饮食可以治疗甲状腺功能减退症，但它可能对甲状腺功能减退症的女性有一些好处。

Fatty foods (butter, meat, fried foods ...)

高脂肪食品(黄油、肉类、油炸食品……)

Fat can interfere with your ability to absorb thyroid hormone replacement drugs, says Stephanie Lee, deputy head of the Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Diabetes at the Boston Medical Center.

波士顿医疗中心内分泌、营养和糖尿病科副主任斯蒂芬妮·李说，脂肪会影响你吸收甲状腺激素替代药物的能力。

Fat can also affect the thyroid's ability to produce hormones. Some health care experts recommend that you should completely eliminate fried foods and fatty products such as butter, mayonnaise, margarine, fatty meats ...

脂肪还会影响甲状腺产生激素的能力。一些健康专家建议，你应该完全排除油炸食品和脂肪类产品，如黄油、蛋黄酱、人造黄油、肥肉……

The coffee

咖啡

Scientists have discovered that the caffeine in coffee has the ability to block the absorption of thyroid hormone replacement drugs. "People on thyroid medication and drinking coffee for breakfast make thyroid hormone levels difficult to control, making it difficult for doctors," said Dr. Lee. She also advises everyone to take the pill with water, as well as only drink coffee after at least 30 minutes of medication.

科学家发现，咖啡中的咖啡因能够阻止甲状腺激素替代药物的吸收。“服用甲状腺药物和早餐喝咖啡的人很难控制甲状腺激素水平，这给医生造成了困难，”李博士说。她还建议每个人都要用水服药，并且只能在服药至少30分钟后喝咖啡。

Foods high in sugar

高糖食物

Hypothyroidism can slow down your metabolism, making it easier to gain weight if you're not careful. "You should avoid foods high in sugar because they are high in calories with no nutrients," says nutritionist Frechman.

甲状腺功能减退会减慢你的新陈代谢，如果你不小心，就很容易发胖。“你应该避免高糖的食物，因为它们是高热量，没有营养的。”营养学家Frechman说。