在过去的30年里，南极变暖的速度是全球平均水平的3倍

在过去的30年里，南极变暖的速度是全球平均水平的3倍

The South Pole has been warming at more than three times the global average over the past 30 years, a new study has found. That could have huge implications for the melting of Antarctic ice sheets, marine life in the region and the rising of global sea levels.

一项新的研究发现，在过去30年里，南极的变暖速度是全球平均水平的三倍多。这可能会对南极冰盖的融化、该地区的海洋生物以及全球海平面的上升产生巨大影响。

The study, published in the journal Nature Climate Change on Monday, sheds new light on the most remote region on Earth. While scientists have known for years that the outer regions of Antarctica is warming, they previously thought the South Pole, being located deep in its interior, was isolated from rising global temperatures.

这项研究周一发表在《自然气候变化》杂志上，为地球上最偏远的地区提供了新的线索。尽管科学家们多年前就知道南极洲的外部地区正在变暖，但他们之前认为，南极位于其内部深处，与全球不断上升的气温是无关的。

"This highlights that global warming is global and it's making its way to these remote places," said Kyle Clem, postdoctoral research fellow in Climate Science at the University of Wellington, and lead author of the study.

“这表明全球变暖是全球性的，而且正在向这些偏远地区蔓延，”惠灵顿大学气候科学博士后研究员凯尔·克莱姆说，他也是这项研究的主要作者。

Clem and his team analyzed weather station data at the South Pole, as well as climate models to examine the warming in the Antarctic interior. They found that between 1989 and 2018, the South Pole had warmed by about 1.8 degrees Celsius over the past 30 years at a rate of +0.6 °C per decade -- three times the global average.

克莱姆和他的团队分析了南极气象站的数据，以及气候模型，以研究南极内陆的变暖。他们发现，在1989年至2018年间，南极在过去30年中以每十年上升0.6摄氏度的速度升温了约1.8摄氏度，是全球平均气温的三倍。

The scientists said the main cause of the warming was increasing sea surface temperatures thousands of miles away in the tropics. Over the past 30 years, warming in the western tropical Pacific Ocean -- a region near the equator north of Australia and Papua New Guinea -- meant there was an increase in warm air being carried to the South Pole.

科学家们表示，全球变暖的主要原因是数千英里之外热带地区的海水表面温度不断上升。在过去的30年里，西热带太平洋——澳大利亚和巴布亚新几内亚北部靠近赤道的地区——的变暖意味着被带到南极的暖空气增加了。

Melting sea ice, Antarctic heat waves

融化的海冰，南极的热浪

Hotter temperatures have been recorded at other parts of Antarctica in recent years and the warming has serious global consequences, especially for the millions of people living on the world's coasts who are vulnerable to sea level rise.

近年来，南极其他地区的气温也有所上升，这种变暖对全球造成了严重的后果，尤其是对生活在世界海岸的数百万人来说，他们很容易受到海平面上升的影响。

Antarctica's ice sheet contains enough water to raise global sea levels by nearly 200 feet, according to the World Meteorological Organization.

据世界气象组织称，南极洲冰原所含的水足以使全球海平面上升近200英尺。

In March, climate scientists recorded the first heat wave at a research base in East Antarctica and in February, the hottest temperature ever recorded in Antarctica --18.3 degrees Celsius (65 degrees Fahrenheit) -- was measured at Argentina's Esperanza research station.

今年3月，气候科学家在南极洲东部的一个研究基地记录到了第一次热浪，2月，阿根廷埃斯佩兰萨研究站测量到南极洲有史以来最热的温度——18.3摄氏度(65华氏度)。

Ice loss in the region has also been accelerating at an alarming rate over the past few decades. In the past 22 years, one giant glacier in East Antarctica has retreatedalmost three miles.

在过去的几十年里，该地区的冰流失也在以惊人的速度加速。在过去的22年里，南极洲东部的一个巨大冰川退缩了近3英里。

While the South Pole remains below freezing and is likely to stay that way, Clem said that the warming trend seen at the Pole is linked to what we're seeing on the coast and the Antarctic Peninsula.

克莱姆说，虽然南极仍然处于冰点以下，而且很可能会一直保持这种状态，但南极的变暖趋势与我们在海岸和南极半岛看到的情况有关。

The warming "starts from the coast and works its way inland," Clem said.

气候变暖“从海岸开始，向内陆蔓延，”克莱姆说。