美国顾问小组建议，婴儿饮食中不要添加糖

美国顾问小组建议，婴儿饮食中不要添加糖

There's a new motto for parents when it comes to feeding babies from birth until 2 years of age: "Every bite counts."

当喂养从出生到两岁的婴儿时，父母们有一个新的座右铭:“每一口都很重要。”

It's proposed for infants and toddlers by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, a group of experts charged with providing science-based recommendations twice each decade on how our diet affects our health.

它是由2020年饮食指南咨询委员会提出的，该委员会由一组专家组成，负责每十年提供两次有关饮食如何影响健康的科学建议。

"This report continues the traditional emphasis on individuals ages 2 years and older and, for the first time, expands upon it to reflect the growing body of evidence about appropriate nutrition during the earliest stages of life," the report stated.

报告指出：“这份报告延续了传统上对2岁及2岁以上人群的强调，并首次对其进行了扩展，以反映越来越多的证据表明，在生命的最初阶段应该提供适当的营养。”

"Nutritional exposures during the first 1,000 days of life not only contribute to long-term health but also help shape taste preferences and food choices."

“生命最初1000天的接受的营养不仅有助于长期健康，而且有助于形成味觉偏好和食物选择。”

Released Wednesday, these final recommendations are sent to the US Department of Health and Human Services and the US Department of Agriculture, which use them to create the final 2020 to 2025 dietary guidelines that dictate much of what Americans will eat over the next five years.

星期三发布的这些最终建议被发送给美国卫生与公众服务部和美国农业部，他们利用这些建议制定了最终的2020年至2025年的饮食指南，这些指导方针规定了美国人未来五年的饮食习惯。

No added sugar at all

完全不添加糖

One key message in the 2020 infant recommendations: No amount of added sugar is OK for a baby's development.

2020年婴儿建议中的一个关键信息是：任何添加量的糖都不利于婴儿的发育。

"Avoid foods and beverages with added sugars during the first 2 years of life," the committee stated. "The energy in such products is likely to displace energy from nutrient-dense foods, increasing the risk of nutrient inadequacies.

委员会指出:“在婴儿出生后的头两年里，避免食用添加糖的食物和饮料。”这类产品中的能量很可能会取代营养密集型食品中的能量，增加营养不足的风险。

"Moreover, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is linked with increased risk of overweight or obesity."

“此外，饮用加糖饮料会增加超重或肥胖的风险。”

Added sugars are used in processed foods and beverages to sweeten, and differ from the natural sugars that are part of a piece of fruit or glass of milk.

添加糖用于加工食品和饮料以增加甜味，它不同于一片水果或一杯牛奶中含有的天然糖。

"Apples and oranges all contain sugar but they also provide fiber and overall nutrition," said pediatrician Dr. Steven Abrams, who chairs the American Academy of Pediatrics committee on nutrition.

“苹果和橙子都含有糖，但它们也提供纤维和全面的营养，”儿科医生史蒂文·阿布拉姆斯博士说，他是美国儿科营养委员会主席。

"Mother's milk has sugar in it," Abrams said, but it's packed full of immune boosting, infection fighting components and is the perfect combination of fats, proteins, carbohydrates and vitamins for a baby's needs.

“母乳中含有糖，”阿布拉姆斯说，但母乳中富含增强免疫力、对抗感染的成分，是满足婴儿需要的脂肪、蛋白质、碳水化合物和维生素的完美组合。

However, while 100% fruit juice may appear to offer the same nutritional benefit as whole fruit, in reality it does not, according to the AAP.

然而，根据美国儿科学会的说法，虽然100%的果汁看起来和整个水果具有同样的营养价值，但实际上并不是这样。

"Fruit juice, especially for kids in the first year of life, is a source of sugar without many nutrient benefits," Abrams said. "So this should always be avoided."

阿布拉姆斯说：“果汁是一种糖分来源，没有很多营养价值，特别是对刚出生一岁的孩子来说。”因此，应始终避免这种情况。”

Then between 1 and 3 years of age, kids should drink no more than 4 ounces per day of 100% fruit juice, the AAP suggests.

美国儿科学会建议，1到3岁的孩子每天喝100%的果汁不应该超过4盎司。

The committee found that "nearly 70 percent of added sugars intake comes from five food categories: sweetened beverages, desserts and sweet snacks, coffee and tea (with their additions), candy and sugars, and breakfast cereals."

该委员会发现，“近70%的添加糖摄入来自五类食品:加糖饮料、甜点和甜食、咖啡和茶(及其添加物)、糖果和糖类，以及早餐麦片。”

On a food label, added sugars can include "brown sugar, corn sweetener, corn syrup, dextrose, fructose, glucose, high-fructose corn syrup, honey, lactose, malt syrup, maltose, molasses, raw sugar, and sucrose," according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

根据美国疾病控制和预防中心的说法，食品标签上的添加糖包括“红糖、玉米甜味剂、玉米糖浆、葡萄糖、果糖、高果糖玉米糖浆、蜂蜜、乳糖、麦芽糖浆、麦芽糖、糖蜜、原糖和蔗糖”。

Parents should avoid added sugar in a child's diet, the committee recommends, because of the strong link to childhood obesity and future chronic health conditions.

委员会建议，父母应该避免在孩子的饮食中添加糖，因为它与儿童肥胖和未来的慢性健康问题紧密相关。