如何更新我们的旧公寓大楼
如何更新我们的旧公寓大楼
Fifty or 60 years ago, architects and builders didn't worry much about insulation and moisture control; it just caused problems. It was much simpler just to build a brick wall and add a lot of heat to drive moisture out of the walls. Air conditioning didn't enter the picture, although buildings often had cross-ventilation and balconies. This tower (shown) in Hamilton, Ontario was a good example of the genre; it has a nice, compact plan with lots of corners for ventilation, with the exterior brick still in pretty good shape.
五六十年前，建筑师和建筑商并不太担心绝缘和湿度控制;这只会带来问题。建造一堵砖墙，增加大量的热量，把墙中的湿气排出，这要简单得多。虽然建筑物通常都有交叉通风和阳台，但空调并不是其中之一。安大略省汉密尔顿的这座塔(如图所示)就是这种风格的一个很好的例子;它的布局很好，紧凑，有很多角落便于通风，外墙的砖仍然很好。
Before and during tower renewal.Tower Renewal Partnership
It also had no insulation, inadequate ventilation, mold and hazardous materials, and lousy thermal control. The brick is just sitting on the concrete slab, so the whole thing is a giant thermal bridge, probably radiating and leaking more heat to the exterior than it keeps inside. It's not very comfortable or healthy; in many cities they would demolish it, which is how we lost architectural icons like Robin Hood Gardens in London. But there is a lot of concrete in this building, a lot of embodied carbon that would have to be replaced if a new building was built.
它也没有保温，通风不充分，还有霉菌和危险材料，以及糟糕的热控制。砖块就在混凝土板上，所以整个建筑就像一座巨大的热桥，可能向外部辐射和泄漏的热量比留在内部的要多。它既不舒服也不健康;在许多城市，他们会拆除它，这就是为什么我们失去了像伦敦的罗宾汉花园这样的建筑标志。但是在这个建筑里有很多混凝土，很多含有碳的东西如果要建新的建筑就必须要被替换掉。
Base conditions. Tower Renewal Partnership
Looking at this list, one has to wonder if it's worth it, it seems almost everything inside the building is due for replacement. But it's a lot of concrete, like most buildings of the period, the units are generous, and possibly most importantly, it exists; its hard to get these buildings approved in these NIMBY times.
看了这张单子，人们不禁会想这是否值得，似乎这栋楼里的所有东西都该被替换了。但它有很多混凝土，和那个时期的大多数建筑一样，单位很宽敞，可能最重要的是，它存在;在这个邻避时代，这些建筑很难得到批准。
Passive House Renewal. Tower Renewal Partnership
The restored units have sprinklers for life safety and a complete wrap of noncombustible insulation in an airtight envelope with triple-glazed windows. The balconies were a nice feature to have, but they were impossible thermal bridges, like radiator fins to the exterior with two edges connecting to the building, but now the residents have air conditioning.
修复后的房屋装有喷水灭火装置，以保护生命安全，并在一个密封的三层玻璃窗内完全包裹着不燃绝缘材料。阳台是一个不错的特点，但它们是不可能的热桥，像散热片到外部，有两个边缘连接到建筑，但现在居民有空调。
Ventilation Systems. Tower Renewal Partnership
Ventilation is one of the most difficult aspects of a building like this. In condominiums, where the units are owned by individuals, there are often individual AC units in each unit, exhaust fans in the bathroom and fresh air admitted under the door to the hall. In rental units, you need a system that is easier to maintain, which is why it is often centralized for easy access. Getting direct ducting into suites like this is the best way to do it, but it certainly isn't the cheapest.
通风是像这样的建筑最困难的方面之一。在私人所有的共管公寓中，每个单元通常都有单独的空调单元，卫生间里有排风扇，新鲜空气通过门进入大厅。在租赁单元中，您需要一个更容易维护的系统，这就是为什么它通常是集中的，以便于访问。像这样直接导入套件是最好的方法，但它肯定不是最便宜的。
The other thing we have learned is you have to test and verify that the building is built to the specifications and meets the criteria. I like the way that the Tower Renewal Partnership has an "Air Boss" monitoring every step of the job. Finding leaks after the fact is never as easy as doing it right in the first place and catching mistakes early.
我们学到的另一件事是，你必须测试和验证建筑是否符合规格和标准。我喜欢“塔更新合作伙伴”有一个“空中老板”监督每一步工作的方式。在事实发生后发现漏洞并不像一开始就做好并尽早发现错误那么容易。
Tower Renewal Partnership
There are many things to love about Passive House; as they note on the Accelerator website, "Passive House design and construction creates comfortable, healthy, energy-efficient, resilient, and beautiful buildings."
被动房有很多值得我们喜爱的地方;正如他们在加速器网站上所说，“被动式房屋的设计和建造创造了舒适、健康、节能、有弹性和美丽的建筑。”
The Ken Soble building also shows how it can give new life to existing buildings, provide greater accessibility, life safety, and community.
Ken Soble建筑也展示了它如何赋予现有建筑新的生命，提供更大的可达性，生命安全和社区。
