秋季的大学可能会有6种不同的面貌

秋季的大学可能会有6种不同的面貌

What will happen on college campuses in the fall? It's a big question for families, students and the schools themselves.

秋天的大学校园里会发生什么?这对家庭、学生和学校本身都是一个大问题。

A lot of what happens depends on factors outside the control of individual schools: Will there be more testing? Contact tracing? Enough physical space for distancing? Will the coronavirus have a second wave? Will any given state allow campuses to reopen?

很多情况都取决于学校自身无法控制的因素:会有更多的考试吗?接触者追踪吗?有足够的物理空间来保持距离吗?冠状病毒会出现第二波吗?有哪个州会允许校园重新开放吗?

For all of these questions, it's really too early to know the answers. But one thing is clear: Life, and learning for the nation's 20 million students in higher education, will be different.

对于所有这些问题，现在知道答案还为时过早。但有一件事是明确的:全国两千万接受高等教育的学生的生活和学习将会不同。

"I don't think there's any scenario under which it's business as usual on American college campuses in the fall," says Nicholas Christakis, a sociologist and physician at Yale University.

耶鲁大学的社会学家和医生尼古拉斯·克里斯塔基斯说:“我不认为美国大学在秋季会像往常一样。”

So why are so many colleges announcing they will be back on campus in the fall?

那么，为什么有那么多大学宣布他们将在秋季重返校园呢?

In many cases, it's because they're still trying to woo students. A survey of college presidents found their most pressing concern right now is summer and fall enrollment. Even elite schools, typically more stable when it comes to enrollment, have reportedly been tapping their waitlists.

在很多情况下，这是因为他们仍然试图吸引学生。一项针对大学校长的调查发现，他们目前最紧迫的问题是夏秋两季的入学人数。据报道，就连招生情况通常较为稳定的精英学校，也在排队等候。

Here are some potential scenarios for reopening colleges and universities:

重新开放大学和学院可能出现的一些情况如下:

All virtual

一切变成虚拟形式

Perhaps the most obvious option for the fall is to continue doing what they've been doing this spring. Colleges have signaled that they're planning for this option — even if it's a last resort. California State University, Fullerton, was one of the first to announce publicly it was planning for a fall semester online.

也许秋天最明显的选择就是继续他们今年春天一直在做的事情。大学已经发出信号，他们正在计划这个选择——即使这是最后的手段。加州州立大学富勒顿分校是最早在网上公开宣布秋季学期计划的大学之一。

Delayed start

推迟开学

A delay in the semester would allow a school to wait it out until it was safer to reopen. One option is to push back a month or two, starting in October or November. Another idea is to push a normal start to January. In that case, the spring semester would become the fall semester, and potentially students could stay on campus through next summer to make up the spring semester.

如果学期推迟，学校就可以等到更安全的时候再开学。一种选择是推迟一两个月，从10月或11月开始。另一个想法是将正常的开始时间推迟到一月份。在这种情况下，春季学期就会变成秋季学期，学生们可能会留在校园待到明年夏天，以弥补春季学期的不足。

Some online, some face-to-face

有些(课程)在网上，有些面对面

This would be a hybrid model, with a combination of virtual and in-person classes. It may be a good choice for campuses that don't have enough classrooms to allow adjusting face-to-face teaching to the requirements of social distancing.

这将是一个混合模式，结合虚拟和面对面课程。对于没有足够教室的校园来说，这可能是一个很好的选择，以适应社会距离的要求，面对面教学。

Shortened blocks

缩短的分块学习

In block scheduling, students take just one course at a time for a shorter duration, typically three or four weeks. Colorado College, a liberal arts school south of Denver, has been using this model for 50 years. The college adopted this style of classes because "it allows [students] to take a deep dive and really focus in unique ways on the single subject," says Alan Townsend, the provost there.

在分块时间安排中，学生一次只上一门课，时间较短，通常为三到四周。科罗拉多学院，丹佛南部的一所文科学校，已经使用这种模式50年了。该校教务长艾伦·汤森说，学院采用这种教学方式是因为“它让学生们能够深入研究，真正以独特的方式专注于单一学科。”

Only some on campus

只有部分学生在校学习

Some colleges have suggested bringing only freshmen back to campus and having upperclassmen either delay their start, or be online and remote.

一些大学建议只招收新生回校，让高年级学生推迟开学时间，或者上网远程学习。

On campus, with some changes

在校时，作出一些改变

"Every school is trying to figure out a way to have students come back and do whatever we can while also protecting public health," says Learning Innovation co-author Joshua Kim, director of online programs and strategy at Dartmouth College.

“每一所学校都在试图找到一种方法，让学生们返校，在保护公众健康的同时尽我们所能，”《学习创新》的合著者约书亚·金说，他是达特茅斯学院在线项目和策略的主管。

To follow social distancing, professors are measuring their classrooms, calculating how many students could fit in the space if they were 6 feet apart. Deans are planning out how students could enter and exit the classrooms safely.

为了遵守社交距离，教授们正在测量他们的教室，计算如果在教室要保持6英尺的距离，能容纳多少学生。院长们正在计划学生们如何安全进出教室。