由于预防措施失败，食源性疾病继续上升

由于预防措施失败，食源性疾病继续上升

Cases of potentially dangerous foodborne illnesses caused by common bacteria in the United States food supply increased during 2019 compared to the previous three years, according to a new report released Thursday by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

美国疾病控制与预防中心(简称CDC)周四发布的一份新报告显示，2019年美国食品供应中由常见细菌引起的潜在危险食源性疾病病例较前三年有所增加。

The CDC estimated that 48 million people get sick from various foodborne illnesses in the United States each year. Of those, approximately 128.000 are hospitalized and 3.000 die.

美国疾病控制与预防中心估计，美国每年有4800万人因各种食源性疾病而患病。其中约有12.8万人住院，3000人死亡。

A dangerous trend continues

一个危险的趋势仍在继续

The report analyzed data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) and found sicknesses caused by Campylobacter, Cyclospora, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Vibrio and Yersinia increased in 2019 as compared to the three-year period between 2016 and 2018.

该报告分析了食源性疾病主动监测网络(FoodNet)的数据，发现2019年由弯曲杆菌、环孢菌、产志贺毒素大肠杆菌(STEC)、弧菌和耶尔西尼亚菌引起的疾病数量比2016年至2018年的三年期间有所增加。

At the same time, cases of Listeria, Salmonella and Shigella failed to decline during the same time period, despite continued efforts over the past decade to stop the spread of dangerous pathogens in the nation's food supply.

与此同时，李斯特菌、沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌的病例在同一时期并没有减少，尽管在过去的十年中不断努力阻止危险病原体在国家食品供应中的传播。

This means that the United States will not meet its food safety targets for "Healthy People 2020." a government program begun in 2010 with the goal of achieving "high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury and premature death."

这意味着，美国将无法实现“2020年健康人群”的食品安全目标。“2020年健康人群”是美国政府于2010年启动的一个项目，目标是实现“高质量、更长的寿命，无可预防的疾病、残疾、伤害和早逝”。

"We've been stalled in many aspects of preventing foodborne disease for many years," Griffin said. "Our systems allow pathogens to enter our food supply and we're not doing everything we can to get them out. We need to have better control measures at all levels."

格里芬说:“多年来，我们在预防食源性疾病的许多方面都停滞不前。“我们的系统允许病原体进入我们的食物供应，但我们并没有尽一切努力把它们赶走。我们需要在各个层面采取更好的控制措施。”

Chapman agreed: "This is not a new problem," he said. "Food safety issues continue to occur along the food chain, from farms to processing plants to grocery stores to restaurants and the home."

查普曼表示同意:“这不是一个新问题。”“从农场到加工厂，从杂货店到餐馆和家庭，食品安全问题继续在食物链中发生。”

"We spent a lot of time on trying to change behaviors and there are a lot of good things that are happening, but the actual payoff for public health is in the reduction of illness, and we're just not seeing it."

“我们花了很多时间试图改变人们的行为，也有很多好的事情正在发生，但公共卫生的实际回报是疾病的减少，我们只是没有看到这一点。”

The most common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the United States is Campylobacter, affecting about 1.5 million Americans every year. The diarrhea is often bloody, with stomach cramps and fever.

在美国最常见的引起腹泻的细菌是弯曲杆菌，每年影响150万美国人。腹泻常带血，伴有胃痉挛和发烧。

Unfortunately, it's super easy to catch. "A single drop of juice from raw chicken can contain enough bacteria to infect someone," the CDC said.

不幸的是，它非常容易被感染。疾控中心表示:“生鸡肉中的一滴汁液就可能含有足够的细菌来感染人。”

Infections often occur when a cutting board that has been used to cut and prepare raw chicken isn't washed before it's used to prepare other raw or lightly cooked foods such as salad or fruit.

当切菜板被用来切和准备生鸡肉，在它被用来准备其他生的或稍微煮熟的食物，如沙拉或水果之前没有清洗，就会发生感染。

To protect you and your family from foodborne illness at home, the CDC lists the following food safety precautions:

为了保护您和您的家人在家免受食源性疾病的侵害，美国疾病预防控制中心列出了以下食品安全预防措施:

"Wash your hands and work surfaces before, during and after preparing food.

“准备食物前、中、后都要洗手和清洁工作台。

Separate raw meat, poultry, seafood and eggs from ready-to-eat foods. Use separate cutting boards and keep raw meat away from other foods in your shopping cart and refrigerator.

把生肉、家禽、海鲜和鸡蛋与即食食品分开。使用单独的砧板，把生肉和其他食物分开放在购物车和冰箱里。

Cook food to the right internal temperature to kill harmful bacteria. Use a food thermometer.

把食物煮到适当的温度，以杀灭有害细菌。使用食物温度计。

Keep your refrigerator at 40 F or below. Refrigerate leftovers within two hours of cooking."

把你的冰箱保持在40华氏度或以下。烹饪后的剩菜要在两小时内放入冰箱冷藏。”