女性在产后也需要得到关心与照顾

女性在产后也需要得到关心与照顾

Becoming a mother is a variable experience, fluctuating in its joys and challenges before, during and after birth.

成为母亲是一种变化无常的经历，在分娩前、分娩中、分娩后的喜悦和挑战中摇摆不定。

These phases are of equal importance, but the postnatal period (post-birth) is key to a mother's well-being, her adaptation to changes and the formation of a positive relationship with her baby.

这些阶段同样重要，但产后阶段(出生后)对母亲的健康、对变化的适应以及与婴儿形成积极的关系至关重要。

The postnatal period is also an underserved aspect of maternity care, receiving less funding, service and attention from health providers, according to a new review on what matters most to women after giving birth, published Wednesday in the journal PLOS ONE. Add to that a worrisome pandemic, and it becomes even more crucial to prioritize a woman's well-beingduring this time of adjustment.

周三发表在《公共科学图书馆•综合》杂志上的一篇关于产后对女性最重要的事情的新评论称，产后期也是产科护理中服务不足的一个方面，卫生服务机构提供的资金、服务和关注都较少。在这一令人担忧的大流行之外，在这一调整时期优先考虑妇女的健康状况变得更加重要。

"Once the baby's out healthy, then people are kind of less bothered," said co-author Soo Downe, a professor in midwifery studies at the University of Central Lancashire in England. And commercial hospital systems may not see as much profit in keeping up with the wellness of the mother after birth, she added.

英国中央兰开夏大学的助产学教授、该研究报告的合著者苏•唐恩说:“一旦孩子健康出生，人们就不会那么烦恼了。”她补充说，商业医院系统可能无法在维持产妇产后健康方面获得同样多的利润。

"There's all this intense focus on women's health during the three trimesters of pregnancy and then women deliver and there's really very little support after that," said Dr. Denise Jamieson, chair of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Emory University and chief of gynecology and obstetrics at Emory Healthcare. Jamieson wasn't involved in the study.

埃默里大学妇产科系主任、埃默里医疗集团妇产科主任丹尼斯·杰米森博士说:“人们非常关注女性在妊娠三个月期间的健康状况，之后妇女分娩，在这之后得到的支持就很少了。”杰米森没有参与这项研究。

"The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists is really trying to promote this idea that postpartum care is not one isolated postpartum visit, but rather an ongoing process where there's a lot of opportunity to provide services and support and address medical and psychological issues," Jamieson said.

杰米森说:“美国妇产科医师学会正在努力推广这一理念，即产后护理并不是一个单独的产后访问，而是一个持续的过程，在这个过程中有很多提供服务和支持的机会，可以解决医疗和心理问题。”

Guidelines for postnatal care aren't usually informed by what matters to the women who use them, the report said. Existing studies judging the efficacy of services for postnatal care are typically guided by how women responded to services that were put in place without consultation of their needs first.

该报告说，产后护理的指导方针通常不会由使用这些指导方针的妇女所关心的问题决定。现有的研究对产后护理服务的有效性进行了评估，其指导原则通常是妇女如何对那些事先没有咨询她们的需要而提供的服务作出反应。

For the report, the authors searched several medical and psychological databases for studies that, from 2000 to 2019. reported data on women's beliefs, expectations and values relating to the postnatal period.

为了撰写这份报告，作者搜索了几个医学和心理学数据库，寻找2000年至2019年期间有关女性产后信仰、期望和价值观的研究报告。

They included studies that focused on healthy women in high- or upper-middle income countries, regardless of how many children they'd had, how they delivered or place of birth.

其中包括针对高收入或中高收入国家的健康女性的研究，而不管她们生了多少孩子、如何分娩或出生地点。

From the studies, the authors generated 22 common themes they put under five umbrellas: riding the emotional rapids, social and relationship adaptation, community, the birthing body and postnatal care.

从这些研究中，作者提出了22个共同的主题，并将其分为5个类别:驾驭情感激流、社会和关系适应、社区、生育身体和产后护理。

What mattered most to women was a positive postnatal experience in which they were able to adapt to their new identity and develop a sense of confidence and competence as a mother. It was also important that they could adjust to the changes in their intimate and family relationships, including their connection to their baby.

对妇女来说，最重要的是一种积极的产后经历，在这种经历中，她们能够适应自己的新身份，并形成一种作为母亲的信心和能力。同样重要的是，他们能够适应亲密和家庭关系的变化，包括她们与孩子之间的联系。

The ability to navigate ordinary physical and emotional challenges was necessary. And to experience the achievement of personal growth as they adjusted to the new normal of motherhood and parenting in their own cultural context was imperative.

应对普通生理和心理挑战的能力是必要的。当他们在自己的文化背景中适应了母亲和养育子女的新常态时，体验个人成长的成就是必要的。

"Where this process is optimal, it also results in joy, self-confidence and an enhanced capacity to thrive in the new integrated identity of 'woman and mother,'" the report said.

报告称:“在这个过程最理想的地方，它也会带来快乐、自信，以及在‘女人和母亲’的新身份中茁壮成长的能力增强。”