猫的确能与人建立感情，即使它们并不总是表现出来

猫的确能与人建立感情，即使它们并不总是表现出来

Some cats may seem a little more aloof than dogs, but they respond to the people they've bonded with in a similar way, according to a new study.

一项新的研究表明，有些猫可能看起来比狗更冷漠，但它们对与它们有亲密关系的人的反应方式是相似的。

Research at Oregon State University has shown that cats can form secure or insecure bonds with their owners. The researchers now believe the trait isn't specific to dogs, as similar research has shown, since it now applies to cats.

俄勒冈州立大学的研究表明，猫可以与主人形成牢固或不牢固的关系。研究人员现在认为，这一特性并不像类似的研究所显示的那样，是狗特有的，因为它现在也适用于猫。

During human attachment behavior studies, researchers look at how babies respond when they're reunited with their parent or caregiver after a short absence. When they're reunited, securely bonded babies return to exploring their surroundings in a relaxed way. About 65% of babies have a secure attachment. But insecurely attached babies will either avoid their parent or cling to them.

在人类依恋行为研究中，研究人员观察婴儿在短暂的离开后与父母或看护者团聚时的反应。当他们团聚的时候，(与父母或看护者)有牢固联系的婴儿会以一种放松的方式回到他们周围探索。大约65%的婴儿有牢固的依恋关系。但是联系不牢固的婴儿要么会避开父母，要么会紧紧抱住他们。

The same tests have been simulated with primates as well. After applying it to dogs, babies and primates, the researchers wanted to see what would happen when they added cats and kittens to the scenario.

同样的实验也在灵长类动物身上进行了模拟。在将其应用于狗、婴儿和灵长类动物之后，研究人员想看看当他们将猫咪加入场景时会发生什么。

The cats and kittens would individually spend two minutes in a room with their owner or caregiver. Then, the person would leave the room for two minutes, followed by a two minute reunion. This is called a "secure base test."

猫咪们会单独和主人或看护者在一个房间里呆上两分钟。然后，这个人会离开房间两分钟，两分钟后再次相聚。这被称为“牢固基础测试”。

About 65% of the cats and kittens were found to be securely bonded to their owners. Their finding shows that the cats' bonds with people were stable in adulthood, and not just present in kittens.

大约65%的猫咪被发现与它们的主人牢固地联系在一起。他们的发现表明，猫与人的关系在成年期是牢固的，而不仅仅存在于小猫咪身上。

The securely attached cats will continue to explore their surroundings after their owner returned, as well as pay attention to their owner. The insecurely attached cats showed signs of stress, like twitching tails, licking lips, avoiding their owner or jumping in their lap and not moving, which is a sign of ambivalence.

依恋关系牢固的猫在主人回来后会继续探索周围的环境，同时也会注意主人。依恋关系不牢固的猫咪表现出了紧张的迹象，比如抖动尾巴、舔嘴唇、避开它们的主人，或者跳到它们的腿上不动，这是一种矛盾心理的表现。

A study detailing the findings published Monday in the journal Cell Press. The researchers disclosed that their study was supported by a Nestle Purina sponsorship for research about the emotional well-being of cats and dogs. "Like dogs, cats display social flexibility in regard to their attachments with humans," said Kristyn Vitale, study author and researcher at Oregon State University's Human-Animal Interaction Lab. "The majority of cats are securely attached to their owner and use them as a source of security in a novel environment."

周一发表在《细胞杂志》上的一项研究详细介绍了这些发现。研究人员透露，他们的研究得到了雀巢普瑞纳公司赞助的一项关于猫狗情感幸福感的研究的支持。俄勒冈州立大学人与动物互动实验室的研究人员、该研究的作者克里斯汀·维塔莱说:“就像狗一样，猫在与人交往方面表现出了社会灵活性。”“大多数猫咪都与主人有牢固的联系，在一个陌生的环境里，它们会把主人当做安全的来源。”

Even kittens who went through a 6-week socialization training course did not shift their bond with their owner.

即使是经过6周社会化训练课程的小猫咪也没有改变它们与主人的关系。

"Once an attachment style has been established between the cat and its caregiver, it appears to remain relatively stable over time, even after a training and socialization intervention," Vitale said. "Cats that are insecure can be likely to run and hide or seem to act aloof.

维塔莱说:“一旦猫咪和照顾它的人之间建立起一种依恋关系，即使经过训练和社会化干预，随着时间的推移，它似乎会保持相对稳定。”缺乏安全感的猫可能会逃跑、躲藏，或者表现得冷漠。

There's long been a biased way of thinking that all cats behave this way. But the majority of cats use their owner as a source of security. Your cat is depending on you to feel secure when they are stressed out."

一直以来，人们都有一种偏见，认为所有的猫都是这样的。但是大多数猫把它们的主人作为安全的来源。你的猫在紧张的时候会依靠你来获得安全感。”

The bonding revelation gives the researchers hope for how many cats could be placed in homes in the future, especially given how many cats and kittens are present in animal shelters.

这一发现让研究人员对未来有多少只猫可以被养在家中产生了希望，尤其是考虑到有多少只猫和小猫被安置在动物收容所。