如何让您的家做好防范冠状病毒的准备

如何让您的家做好防范冠状病毒的准备

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is telling Americans that they should be prepared for the possibility of a COVID-19 outbreak in their community.

疾病控制和预防中心告诉美国人，他们应该为社区爆发COVID-19的可能性做好准备。

But what does preparedness look like in practice? The short answer: Don't panic — but do prepare.

但是，在实践中准备工作是什么样子的呢?简短的回答是：不要惊慌，但要做好准备。

Should I stock up on food and meds?

我应该储备食物和药品吗?

The reason to stock up on certain products now isn't so much to avoid potential shortages in the event of an outbreak but to practice what experts call social distancing. Basically, you want to avoid crowds to minimize your risk of catching the disease. If COVID-19 is spreading in your community, the last place you want to be is in line at a crowded grocery store or drugstore.

现在囤积某些产品的原因，与其说是为了避免疫情爆发时的潜在短缺，不如说是为了实践专家所说的“社会疏远”。基本上，你想避免人群，以减少感染疾病的风险。如果COVID-19正在你的社区蔓延，你最不想去的地方就是在拥挤的杂货店或药店排队。

If you take daily medications — for example, blood pressure pills — make sure you have enough to last a couple of weeks, suggests Katz, as long as you can get approval for an extended supply from your insurance provider.

卡茨建议，如果你每天都服用药物，比如降压药，只要你能从保险公司获得延长用药期限的许可，就一定要确保你有足够的药物维持几周。

Also worth pre-buying: fever reducers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen, says Edith Bracho-Sanchez, a pediatrician with Columbia University Medical Center.

哥伦比亚大学医学中心的儿科医生布拉赫-桑切斯说，还应该提前购买退热药，比如退热氨酚或布洛芬。

Think about adding enough nonperishable foods to your pantry to carry you through for a couple of weeks, adds Amesh Adalja, an infectious disease physician and a senior scholar at Johns Hopkins University's Center for Health Security.

传染病医生、约翰霍普金斯大学健康安全中心高级学者阿迈什·阿达尔贾补充说，考虑一下在你的食品柜里添加足够的不易腐坏的食物，让你撑上几周。

Are special cleaning supplies needed?

需要特殊的清洁用品吗?

We still don't know exactly how long the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 can survive on surfaces. But Stephen Morse, a professor of epidemiology at Columbia University Medical Center, says what we know from other coronaviruses is that most household cleansers — such as bleach wipes or alcohol — will kill them.

我们仍然不知道导致COVID-19的冠状病毒能在表面存活多久。但哥伦比亚大学医学中心流行病学教授斯蒂芬·莫尔斯表示，我们从其他冠状病毒中了解到的是，大多数家用清洁剂-如漂白湿巾或酒精-都会杀死它们。

What about face masks?

需要戴口罩吗?

The science on whether it's helpful to wear a face mask out in public is really, really mixed, as we've reported in depth. (For starters, it depends on what kind of mask you are wearing and whether you use it correctly.)

关于在公共场合戴口罩是否有益的科学真的，真的很复杂，正如我们深入报道的那样。(首先，这取决于你戴的是哪种口罩，以及你是否正确使用。)

Some infectious disease experts are reluctant to recommend that people wear masks as a preventive measure because they can provide a false sense of security.

一些传染病专家不愿意建议人们戴口罩作为一种预防措施，因为口罩会给人一种虚假的安全感。

What to do about work — and telecommuting?

工作和远程办公怎么办?

Now is the time to talk to your boss about your ability to work from home if COVID-19 is spreading locally, says Morse. Obviously, if you're sick, you should stay home. But even if you are well, telecommuting makes sense in the event of a local outbreak to reduce the chances that you'll be infected.

莫尔斯说，如果COVID-19正在当地传播，现在是时候和你的老板谈谈你在家工作的能力了。显然，如果你生病了，你应该呆在家里。但是，即使你身体健康，远程办公在当地疫情爆发的情况下也是有意义的，可以减少你被感染的机会。

What's the plan if you get sick?

如果你生病了怎么办?

If you show early signs of illness — like a fever or a dry cough — Bracho-Sanchez says you should call your doctor's office but don't necessarily head straight to the emergency room or urgent care, where you might infect others.

布拉科斯-桑切斯说，如果你出现发烧或干咳等早期症状，你应该给医生打电话，但不一定要直接去急诊室或急诊，因为你可能会感染其他人。

"Do you really need to come into the office? Can we work this out through the phone?" Bracho-Sanchez says. "Of course, if you're having trouble breathing, if you're dehydrated, that's a different story."

“你真的需要亲自来办公室吗?我们能通过电话解决这个问题吗?”布拉乔-桑切斯说。“当然，如果你呼吸困难，如果你脱水了，那就另当别论了。”

Do you have a plan for kids and older relatives?

你对孩子和长辈有什么计划吗?

Perl and Katz suggest you start figuring out now what you would do if day care centers or schools start closing because of an outbreak. Do you have a backup child care plan in place?

派厄和卡兹建议你现在就开始考虑，如果日托中心或学校因为疫情爆发而开始关闭，你会怎么做。你们有备用的托儿计划吗?

"For example, for me, I'm trying to think about, what if my mother gets sick? "What am I going to do? How am I going to get her cared for?"

“比如，对我来说，我在想，如果我妈妈生病了怎么办? “我该怎么办?”我怎样才能让她得到照顾呢?”