研究表明，全球4%的癌症是由体重超标引起的

研究表明，全球4%的癌症是由体重超标引起的

Excess body weight was responsible for 3.9% of cancer globally, or 544.300 cases, in 2012. according to a new report.

一份新的报告显示，2012年全球3.9%的癌症病例(54.43万例)是体重超标造成的。

The report, published Wednesday in the journal CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, also highlights a relationship between obesity and the risk of 13 cancers, including postmenopausal breast cancer and liver cancer, and a probable relationship with three others, including prostate cancer.

这份周三发表在《CA:临床医师癌症杂志》上的报告还强调了肥胖与13种癌症，包括绝经后乳腺癌和肝癌风险之间的关系，以及与其他三种癌症，包括前列腺癌之间的可能关系。

"Despite numerous studies on the health effects of overweight/obesity (excess body weight), the message has not been well disseminated. In particular, not many people are aware of the link of overweight/obesity to cancer risk," Hyuna Sung, one of the report's authors and a principal scientist at the American Cancer Society, wrote in an email.

“尽管有很多关于超重/肥胖(超重)对健康影响的研究，但这一信息还没有得到很好的传播。特别是，没有多少人意识到超重/肥胖与癌症风险之间的联系，”该报告的作者之一、美国癌症协会首席科学家松海纳在电子邮件中写道。

The American Cancer Society notes that by 2030. there are expected to be 21.7 million new cancer cases and 13 million cancer deaths around the world.

美国癌症协会指出，到2030年，预计全球将有2170万新癌症病例和1300万癌症死亡。

"The future burden will probably be even larger because of the adoption of western lifestyles, such as smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, and fewer childbirths, in economically developing countries," the group says.

该组织表示:“由于在经济发展中国家采用了西方的生活方式，如吸烟、饮食不良、缺乏体育活动和少生孩子，未来的负担可能会更大。”

Levels of obesity globally have been rising, taking a toll on health, the report says.

报告称，全球肥胖水平一直在上升，对健康造成了损害。

Researchers used publicly available or already published parameters and estimates to show regional and global trends of obesity and overweight for the past four decades, from 1975 to 2016. Sung said.

松说，研究人员使用公开的或已经公布的参数和估计值来显示从1975年到2016年的过去40年里，地区和全球的肥胖和超重趋势。

During that period, the prevalence of excess body weight has risen from 21% in men and 24% in women to approximately 40% in both sexes -- and this is apparent in all regions of the world.

在此期间，体重超标的患病率从男性的21%和女性的24%上升到男女性同时约40%——这在世界所有地区都很明显。

The largest increase in overweight population was in men in Western countries, where the rate went from 9% to 30%, and in women in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, where rates went from 12% to 35%.

增幅最大的是西方国家的男性，肥胖率从9%上升到30%，而中亚、中东和北非的女性肥胖率从12%上升到35%。

The researchers suggest a number of reasons for the increases.

研究人员提出了一些增长的原因。

"The simultaneous rise in excess body weight in almost all countries is thought to be driven largely by changes in the global food system, which promotes energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods, alongside reduced opportunities for physical activity," Sung said.

松说：“几乎所有国家的超重都在同步上升，这在很大程度上被认为是由全球食品体系的变化推动的，全球食品体系推广了能量密集型、营养贫乏的食品，同时减少了体力活动的机会。”

Dr. Anne McTiernan, a cancer prevention researcher at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, wrote in an email that, "This paper is an excellent review of the global burden of obesity on cancer.

西雅图弗雷德·哈钦森癌症研究中心的癌症预防研究员安妮·麦克蒂尔南博士在一封电子邮件中写道，“这篇论文是对肥胖对癌症的全球负担的极好综述。”

We often think of obesity as being an American phenomenon, but it's a growing problem worldwide. As fewer people smoke, obesity will be responsible for a larger fraction of cancers.

我们经常认为肥胖是美国的一种现象，但它在全世界都是一个日益严重的问题。由于吸烟的人越来越少，肥胖将成为癌症的主要诱因。