弯曲杆菌会传染吗?

弯曲杆菌会传染吗?

Dogs give us unconditional love and constant companionship.

狗给予我们无条件的爱和持续的陪伴。

Unfortunately, sometimes they also give us a number of zoonoses, or diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans.

不幸的是，有时它们也会给我们带来一些人畜共患病，或者是一些可以从动物传染给人类的疾病。

Contact with pet-store puppies is the likely source of the latest campylobacter outbreak. (Photo: cynoclub/Shutterstock)

You know about zoonotic diseases like rabies and maybe ringworm and roundworm, but recently the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced a multi-state outbreak of campylobacter jejuni infections.

你知道一些人畜共患疾病，比如狂犬病，也许还有癣和蛔虫，但是最近美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)宣布了一个空肠弯曲杆菌感染的跨州爆发。

Campylobacter infection affects more than 1.5 million people every year. Oftentimes campylobacter infections are associated with eating raw or undercooked poultry, dairy products, produce or other foods that have been contaminated by those items. Campylobacter bacteria also can be spread through contact with dog and cat feces.

弯曲杆菌感染每年影响150多万人。弯曲杆菌感染通常与生吃或未煮熟的家禽、乳制品、农产品或其他被这些食品污染的食品有关。弯曲杆菌也可以通过接触狗和猫的粪便传播。

This current outbreak is linked to contact with puppies from pet stores.

目前的疫情与宠物店的幼犬接触有关。

As of mid-December, 30 people infected with the strain of Campylobacter jejuni have been reported from 13 states, the CDC reports. Of the 24 infected people the CDC interviewed, 21 reported contact with a puppy and 15 of those 21 specifically mentioned contact with a pet-store puppy. A dozen of those people were linked to the national chain, Petland, and five were store employees.

CDC报告称，截至12月中旬，已有13个州报告有30人感染空肠弯曲杆菌。疾控中心采访的24名感染者中，21人报告与一只小狗有过接触，其中15人特别提到与宠物店的小狗有过接触。其中12人与全国连锁宠物店Petland有关，5人是商店员工。

A similar outbreak that started in January 2016 and ran through February 2018 made 118 people in 18 states ill — many due to contact with pet-store puppies.

类似的疫情始于2016年1月，持续到2018年2月，导致18个州的118人患病，其中许多人是因为接触了宠物店的小狗。

Symptoms and spreading the virus

症状和病毒传播

Although the bacteria can be spread from puppies to people, it's not usually spread from person to person, says the CDC.

美国疾病控制与预防中心说，虽然这种细菌可以从小狗传播给人，但通常不会在人与人之间传播。

Typical campylobacter symptoms include diarrhea, fever and cramps. Sometimes people may also have nausea and vomiting.

弯曲杆菌的典型症状包括腹泻、发烧和痉挛。有时人们也会有恶心和呕吐。

Symptoms usually start within two to five days after being exposed to the bacteria and last about a week. However, people can continue to shed bacteria in their stool for several weeks after symptoms have wrapped up. That's one way that it can be spread from person to person, and why good hygiene is important.

症状通常在接触细菌后2 - 5天内开始，持续约一周。然而，在症状消失后的几周内，人们可以继续在他们的粪便中排放细菌。这是它在人与人之间传播的一种方式，这就是为什么良好的卫生很重要。

Preventing campylobacter infections

防止弯曲杆菌感染

Washing your hands is one of the best ways to avoid infection. (Photo: hxdbzxy/Shutterstock)

To avoid getting sick, hand-washing is key, says the CDC.

疾病预防控制中心说，为了避免生病，洗手是关键。

Always wash your hands with soap and water after touching a pet, after handling their food, and after cleaning up after them. If you don't have soap and water, then use hand sanitizer. Adults should supervise children as they wash their hands.

在抚摸宠物、处理宠物的食物和清理它们之后，一定要用肥皂和水洗手。如果你没有肥皂和水，那就用洗手液。成年人应该在孩子洗手时监督他们。

If your dog has an accident of any kind in the house, clean it up immediately, then disinfect the area using a water and bleach solution. Remove feces from your yard to prevent kids or other dogs from coming in contact with it.

如果你的狗在家里发生了任何形式的事故，立即清理干净，然后用水和漂白剂消毒。清理院子里的粪便，防止孩子或其他狗接触到粪便。

Other important hygiene tips:

其他重要的卫生贴士:

Wash your hands before and after preparing food.

准备食物前后都要洗手。

Wash your hands after going to the bathroom and after taking care of someone who is sick.

上完厕所和照顾病人后要洗手。

Keep uncooked meat and poultry away from other foods.

生肉和家禽应远离其他食物。