不是所有妇女在分娩过程中都能获得助产士的帮助

Nandi Hill rushed to Emily Rose's home at the crack of dawn.
天刚破晓，南迪·希尔就赶到了艾米丽·罗斯家。 The car was packed with Hill's supplies: oxygen tank, hemorrhaging drugs, umbilical cord scissors, stethoscope and blood pressure cuffs, among other tools.
车上装满了希尔的用品:氧气罐、大出血药物、脐带剪、听诊器和血压袖带等工具。
Hill, a licensed and certified professional midwife and founder of Wadada Midwifery Care in Albuquerque, New Mexico, was excited that, on that day in March, the time had come to help Rose bring a baby girl into the world with an at-home water birth.
希尔是一位有执照的专业助产士，也是新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基市Wadada Midwifery Care公司的创始人。今年3月的那一天，她很兴奋地告诉大家，是时候帮助罗斯在家里进行水中分娩了。
"On the drive there, I become peaceful and grounded and focused on my job and what I'm there to do -- and that's to make sure everyone's normal and safe," Hill said.
希尔说:“开车去那里的路上，我变得平和、踏实、专注于我的工作和我要做的事情——那就是确保每个人都是正常和安全的。”
At a healthy 41 weeks pregnant, Rose took deep breaths while sitting in a small pool filled with water in her living room.
怀孕41周的罗斯身体健康，她坐在客厅里一个小水池里做了几次深呼吸。
She moaned and grunted, and then suddenly her baby girl was born. This was Rose's second pregnancy and birth.
她呻吟着，突然，她的宝贝女儿出生了。这是罗斯的第二次怀孕和分娩。
As part of the standard midwifery care that Hill provides, she checked on Rose weekly after the birth. Hill asked about Rose's bleeding, which is often experienced after delivery, and asked how Rose was feeling -- was she stressed or sad -- among other questions.
希尔提供的标准助产护理的一部分包括每周都会去罗斯那里为她检查。希尔询问了罗斯的出血情况，这通常是在分娩后发生的，她还问了罗斯的感觉如何，紧张还是悲伤以及其他问题。 The states that integrate midwives into care
将助产士纳入护理的州
Midwives are not medical doctors and there are services they are unable to provide -- such as blood transfusions or cesarean sections. An obstetrician would step in when that type of care is needed.
助产士不是医生，他们无法提供输血或剖腹产等服务。这种护理是产科医生的事。
A study published last year in the journal Plos One ranked all 50 states based on how much the three professional designations for midwives -- certified nurse-midwives, certified professional midwives and certified midwives -- are integrated into regional health systems. New Mexico ranked second among states with the most integration.
去年发表在《公共科学图书馆》杂志上的一项研究对全美50个州进行了排名，根据助产士的三种职业称号——认证护士助产士、认证专业助产士和认证助产士融入了地区卫生系统的程度。新墨西哥州在一体化程度最高的州中排名第二。
Based on data from 2014 to 2015, the five states that ranked highest for integration were:
根据2014年至2015年的数据，一体化程度最高的五个国家是:
1.    Washington
华盛顿
2.    New Mexico
新墨西哥
3.    Oregon
俄勒冈州
4.    New Jersey
新泽西
5.    New York
纽约
Help from labor assistants
分娩助理的帮助
In the United States, about 700 women die each year from pregnancy or delivery complications -- more than any other developed nation -- and black and Native American women are about three times as likely to die from such complications as white women.
在美国，每年约有700名妇女死于妊娠或分娩并发症——比任何其他发达国家都多——黑人和美国原住民妇女死于妊娠或分娩并发症的可能性是白人妇女的三倍。
To help reduce that racial gap, some maternal health and advocacy groups suggest that the personalized services from midwives or labor assistants, sometimes referred to as doulas, could be a solution.
为了帮助缩小这种种族差距，一些孕产妇健康和倡导团体建议，助产士或分娩助理提供的个性化服务可能是一个解决方案。
Labor assistants differ from midwives in that while they provide support and comfort during delivery, they do not provide medical advice nor can they change the clinical recommendations of a midwife or an obstetrician.
分娩助理与助产士的区别在于，分娩助理在分娩过程中提供支持和安慰，但他们不提供医疗建议，也不能改变助产士或产科医生的临床建议。