如何避免宝宝(和你的)食物中含有有毒金属

如何避免宝宝(和你的)食物中含有有毒金属

Upset by reports that up to 95% of baby food contains one or more toxic heavy metals, including lead, arsenic, cadmium and mercury?

有报道称，多达95%的婴儿食品含有一种或多种有毒重金属，包括铅、砷、镉和汞。

Here's the good news: There are actions you can take to reduce your infant's exposure to these toxic metals, and in doing so, improve your own health and that of your entire family.

这里有一个好消息:你可以采取一些措施来减少婴儿食用这些有毒金属，这样做可以提高你自己和你整个家庭的健康。

Developing brains at highest risk

发育中的大脑处于风险之中

Even in the trace amounts found in food, toxic metals can erode a child's IQ, cause developmental and behavior problems, and impact kidneys and liver, according to the Food and Drug Administration.

美国食品和药物管理局表示，即使在食品中发现微量的有毒金属，也会侵蚀儿童的智商，导致发育和行为问题，并影响肾脏和肝脏。

Young children, especially babies, are at highest risk says the FDA, because their brains and organs aren't fully developed, their intestinal absorption of toxic elements is higher and their food intake to body weight is greater.

美国食品和药物管理局表示，幼儿，尤其是婴儿，面临的风险最大，因为他们的大脑和器官尚未发育完全，他们的肠道对有毒元素的吸收更高，他们的食物摄入量与体重之比也更大。

Prior studies by the FDA and others have found concerning levels of toxic metals in baby foods. A recent analysis by Healthy Babies Bright Futures tested 168 different baby foods from 61 different manufacturers.

美国食品和药物管理局和其他机构此前的研究发现，婴儿食品中的有毒金属含量超标。《健康宝宝光明未来》最近对61家不同生产商的168种不同婴儿食品进行了测试。

They found 95% of the baby foods contained lead, 73% contained arsenic, 75% contained cadmium and 32% contained mercury. One fourth of the foods contained all four heavy metals.

他们发现95%的婴儿食品含铅，73%含砷，75%含镉，32%含汞。四分之一的食物含有这四种重金属。

Food variety is key

食物种类是关键

One of the reasons exposures add up dangerously for infants is the lack of variety in their diet.

婴儿食用这些有害物质的原因之一是他们的饮食缺乏多样性。

Take 4- to 6-month-olds for example. Many parents still follow old, outdated guidelines on the best first foods, or believe they need to introduce one food at a time, waiting a few days to see if an allergy will occur.

以4-6个月大的婴儿为例。许多父母仍然遵循着陈旧、过时的指导方针来选择最好的第一种食物，或者认为他们一次只需要吃一种食物，过几天再看是否会过敏。

Reduce rice

减少米饭

A Healthy Babies report identified the foods containing the most heavy metal contaminates that parents should significantly reduce in their infant and child's diet.

一份健康婴儿报告指出，父母应该在婴儿和儿童的饮食中显著减少重金属污染的食物。

Rice is at the top of the list because it has extremely high concentrations of inorganic arsenic. Arsenic is a natural element found in soil, water and air.

大米是名单中第一种食物，因为它含有高浓度的无机砷。砷是一种存在于土壤、水和空气中的天然元素。

Because rice is grown submersed in water, it is especially good at absorbing inorganic arsenic.

因为水稻是在水里种植的，它特别善于吸收无机砷。

Because the milling process used to create white rice removes the outer layers, where much of the arsenic concentrates, white rice has less arsenic than brown and wild rice.

因为制作白米的碾磨过程去掉了外壳，也就是大部分砷浓缩的地方，所以白米的砷含量比糙米和野生米低。

Still, in the Healthy Babies analysis, four of seven rice cereals tested contained the most toxic form of arsenic in levels higher than the FDA's proposed action level of 100 parts per billion (ppb).

尽管如此，在《健康婴儿》的分析中，7种被测试的谷类食品中有4种含有毒性最大的砷，其含量高于美国食品及药物管理局建议的百万分之一的水平(ppb)。

"Rice cereal has six times more arsenic than other types of cereal, like oatmeal and multi-grain," Houlihan said.

霍利汉说:“谷类食品中的砷含量是燕麦和杂粮等谷类食品的六倍。”

Choose snacks carefully

谨慎选择零食

Rice teething rusks and other teething biscuits, Altmann said, are more like snacks which have no nutrition and are not good choices to soothe a baby's pain.

奥特曼说，（乳牙期吃的）吐司和其他（乳牙期吃的）饼干更像是没有营养的零食，不是安抚婴儿的好选择。

A cold piece of melon, a frozen banana, a peeled cucumber are better choices.

一片冰冻西瓜、一根冷冻香蕉、一根去皮的黄瓜是更好的选择。

Avoid juice

避免喝果汁

Apple, grape and other juices are a significant source of heavy metals for children, not because the levels are as high as rice products, Houlihan said, but because children drink so much juice.

苹果、葡萄和其他果汁是儿童食用重金属的重要来源，霍利汉说，这并不是因为这些果汁的含量和大米制品一样高，而是因为儿童喝了太多的果汁。