你有时觉得自己像个骗子吗?

你有时觉得自己像个骗子吗?

If you have even a scintilla of humility about you, if you've ever admitted to yourself that you don't know it all, then you're probably familiar with the impostor phenomenon.

如果你对自己有一丝谦逊，如果你曾经承认自己并不了解一切，那么你可能对骗子现象很熟悉。

Successful people from all walks of life deal with the impostor phenomenon. It's that back-of-the-head, pit-of-the-stomach feeling that you might be in over your head. That you're not really deserving of the position you find yourself in.

各行各业的成功人士都在处理骗子现象。这是一种后脑勺，胃底突然上头的感觉，觉得你并不真的配得上你现在所处的位置。

The impostor phenomenon most often afflicts high-achieving men and women who simply feel like fakes and phonies.

骗子现象最常困扰那些感觉自己像骗子的成功人士。

The phenomenon has its roots in a study by psychologists Suzanne Imes and Pauline Rose Clance, who describe the phenomenon as "an internal experience of intellectual phonies, which appears to be particularly prevalent and intense among a select sample of high achieving women."

这种现象起源于心理学家苏珊娜•伊姆斯和波琳•罗斯•克兰斯的一项研究，他们将这种现象描述为“智力骗子的一种内在体验，这种现象在高成就女性中似乎特别普遍和强烈。”

Who feels like an impostor?

谁会觉得自己像个骗子?

The impostor phenomenon can rise up in any of us, though the original study on it focused on successful women. (Photo: PathDoc/Shutterstock)

Many hugely successful people suffer from the syndrome:

许多非常成功的人都患有这种综合症:

"It's almost like the better I do, the more my feeling of inadequacy actually increases, because I'm just going, 'Any moment, someone's going to find out I'm a total fraud, and that I don't deserve any of what I've achieved.’” — actress Emma Watson

“就好像我做得越好，我的不足感就会越强烈，因为我只是在说，‘随时都会有人发现我是个彻头彻尾的骗子，我所取得的成就都不值得拥有。’”——女演员艾玛·沃特森

It can affect people of all ages. A study by researchers at BYU found that 20% of college students who participated had very strong feelings of impostorism. They found the best way to cope with their feelings was to reach out to family and friends outside of their school social group for support.

它可以影响所有年龄段的人。杨百翰大学的研究人员进行的一项研究发现，参与调查的大学生中有20%的人有非常强烈的记忆缺失感。他们发现处理自己情绪的最好方法是向学校社交圈之外的家人和朋友寻求支持。

The syndrome, some believe, still may affect more women, possibly due to some inherent differences between the sexes. At least that's what Imes and Clance first suggested: "Unlike men, who tend to own success as attributable to a quality inherent in themselves, women are more likely either to project the cause of success outward to an external cause (luck) or to a temporary internal quality (effort) that they do not equate with inherent ability."

一些人认为，这种综合症可能会影响更多的女性，这可能是由于性别之间的一些固有差异。至少ime Clance最早提出:“与男性不同的是,那些倾向于自己的成功归因于质量本身固有的,女性更有可能要么向外项目成功的原因,外部原因(运气)或临时内部质量(努力),他们并不等同于固有能力。”

Whoever is affected, there is help. In their original paper, the authors suggest several different types of therapies to address the feelings of inadequacy that come with the syndrome. Once the therapies are undertaken, and the so-called impostor commits to changing the behaviors that undermine a feeling of accomplishment, the patient "begins to be free of the burden of believing she is a phony and can more fully participate in the joys, zest, and power of her accomplishments."

无论谁受到影响，都有帮助。在他们最初的论文中，作者提出了几种不同类型的治疗方法来解决伴随综合症而来的不足感。一旦进行治疗,所谓的骗子致力于改变破坏成就感的行为，病人“开始摆脱认为自己是骗子的负担，能够更充分地享受自己成就带来的快乐、热情和力量。”

Which is a lot better than feeling like you're getting away with something.

这比你感觉自己侥幸成功要好得多。