气压的变化如何影响人体

气压的变化如何影响人体

Remember when your grandma used to say that she knew when a storm was coming because she could "feel it in her bones"? It turns out that she may not have been as crazy as you thought. Changes in barometric pressure that accompany storms and shifts in weather patterns do affect our bodies, and many people are more sensitive to those effects than others.

还记得你奶奶常说她知道什么时候会有暴风雨吗?因为她能“从骨子里感觉到”。事实证明，她可能没有你想象的那么疯狂。伴随风暴而来的气压变化和天气模式的变化确实会影响我们的身体，许多人对这些影响比其他人更敏感。

Do you get a migraine when a storm is coming? (Photo: Andresr/Shutterstock)

Although it's been indicated as a possible cause for everything from changes in blood pressure to an increase in joint pain, it can be difficult to pinpoint barometric pressure changes as the definitive cause for these issues when so many other atmospheric changes — like temperature, precipitation and wind speed and direction — often accompany shifts in weather.

血压的变化虽然被表示为一个增加关节疼痛的可能的原因,但很难确定气压变化的原因会导致这些问题，尤其是当很多其他大气变化,如温度、降水和风速和风向,常常伴随天气而变化时。

Still, enough people experience symptoms when the barometric pressure changes, so it's worth noting. Here's a look at some of the ways that changes in atmospheric pressure might affect your body:

尽管如此，当气压发生变化时，仍有足够多的人会出现症状，所以值得注意。下面来看看大气压力的变化可能会如何影响你的身体:

Headaches: In an interview with The New York Times, Dr. Matthew Fink, neurologist in chief at New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, explained that low barometric pressure can cause headaches or migraines by creating a pressure difference between the atmosphere and the air-filled sinuses. The problem is exacerbated when the sinuses are congested or blocked for any reason.

头痛:在接受《纽约时报》采访时，纽约长老会医院/威尔康奈尔医学中心的首席神经学家马修芬克博士解释说，低气压会造成空气和充满空气的鼻窦之间的压力差，从而导致头痛或偏头痛。当鼻窦因任何原因堵塞时，这个问题就会加剧。

In a study published in the journal Internal Medicine, researchers asked migraine patients to keep a headache diary for one year. After comparing these diaries with the barometric pressure changes noted at the nearby weather station, they found a direct correlation between lower atmospheric pressure and the onset and duration of migraines. Their report concluded that "barometric pressure change can be one of the exacerbating factors of migraine headaches."

在《内科医学》杂志上发表的一项研究中，研究人员要求偏头痛患者写一年的头痛日记。在将这些日记与附近气象站记录的气压变化进行比较后，他们发现较低的气压与偏头痛的发作和持续时间有直接的关系。他们的报告得出结论:“气压变化可能是偏头痛加剧的因素之一。”

Joint pain: Researchers at Tufts-New England Medical Center in Boston surveyed 200 patients with knee osteoarthritis and found a link between changes in barometric pressure and ambient temperature and changes in knee pain severity. It's not clear why a falling barometer would exacerbate joint pain and arthritis, but studies such as this one confirm that they do. It could be that barometric pressure affects the viscosity of the fluid that lines joint sacs, or it could be that it triggers the pain responses in the nerve endings of the joint. Either way, it's what your grandma has been saying for years: Some people feel pain in their joints when a storm is approaching.

关节疼痛:波士顿医学中心的研究人员调查了200名膝关节骨性关节炎患者，发现气压和环境温度的变化与膝关节疼痛严重程度的变化之间存在联系。目前还不清楚为什么气压计下降会加剧关节疼痛和关节炎，但类似的研究证实了这一点。可能是气压影响了连接关节囊的液体的粘度，也可能是气压触发了关节神经末梢的疼痛反应。不管怎样，这是你奶奶多年来一直在说的:当暴风雨来临的时候，有些人的关节会感到疼痛。

Blood pressure: Just as its name implies, our blood moves through our bodies using a pressure system created by the heart. So it makes sense that this pressure would be affected by the pressure in the air around us. According to biometeorologist Jennifer Vanos, Ph.D., when the barometric pressure drops, so does your blood pressure. For some, this might mean a feeling of dizziness or even blurred vision.

血压:顾名思义，我们的血液通过心脏产生的压力系统在体内流动。所以这个压强会受到周围空气压强的影响是有道理的。根据生物气象学家Jennifer Vanos博士的说法，当气压下降时，你的血压也会下降。对一些人来说，这可能意味着头晕，甚至视力模糊。

Blood pressure is usually higher in winter when lower temperature cause your blood vessels to become more narrow. That's when more pressure is needed to force blood through those smaller veins and arteries.

冬季血压通常较高，因为较低的温度会使你的血管变得更窄。这时需要更多的压力来迫使血液通过那些较小的静脉和动脉。

"In addition to cold weather, blood pressure may also be affected by a sudden change in weather patterns, such as a weather front or a storm," Sheldon G. Sheps, M.D. writes in MayoClinic. "Your body — and blood vessels — may react to abrupt changes in humidity, atmospheric pressure, cloud cover or wind in much the same way it reacts to cold. These weather-related variations in blood pressure are more common in people age 65 and older."

医学博士谢尔顿·g·谢普斯在《MayoClinic》中写道:“除了寒冷的天气，天气模式的突然变化也会影响血压，比如锋面或暴风雨。”“你的身体和血管可能会对湿度、气压、云层或风的突然变化做出反应，就像它对寒冷的反应一样。这些与天气有关的血压变化在65岁以上的人群中更为常见。”

However, a study in the American Journal of Hypertension found no observed association between blood pressure variability and barometric pressure.

然而，《美国高血压杂志》上的一项研究发现，血压变异性与气压之间没有观察到联系。