九月的夜空中可以看到什么

在九月的夜空中可以看到什么

After a summer that featured Tesla's spaceman completing a full orbit around the sun, a muted Perseid meteor shower in August, and the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission, it's been an eventful time in the galaxy we call home. What could September possibly offer for an encore? Plenty, it turns out.

今年夏天，特斯拉(Tesla)的宇航员完成了绕太阳的完整轨道飞行，8月的英仙座流星雨减弱，以及阿波罗11号(Apollo 11)任务50周年纪念，这些都是我们称之为家的银河系经历的多事之秋。9月份的重播可能会带来什么?事实证明，有很多。

Joshua Tree National Park glows at night. (Photo: Henrique Pinto [public domain]/Wikimedia Commons)

India's Chandrayaan-2 mission arrives at the moon (Sept. 6)

印度“月船2号”探月成功(9月6日)

An engineering model of the Chandrayaan-2 rover, displayed at the 6th Bangalore Space Expo in September 2018. (Photo: Dean Sumith [CC by SA 4.0]/Wikimedia Commons)

India successfully launched its second lunar exploration mission back in July, sending an orbiter, lander and rover to the south pole of the moon. A touchdown would be truly historic for the country, as only the United States, China, and Russia have accomplished a moon landing. None of those landings were in the south polar region, though, which is where India's mission is headed. India isn't the only one with its eyes on the south pole — NASA plans to land astronauts there in 2024.

今年7月，印度成功发射了第二次探月任务，向月球南极发射了轨道飞行器、着陆器和月球车。着陆对这个国家来说将是历史性的，因为只有美国、中国和俄罗斯完成了登月。不过，这些着陆都没有发生在印度任务的目的地——南极地区。印度并不是唯一一个关注南极的国家——美国宇航局计划在2024年将宇航员送到南极。

Neptune gets up close and personal (Sept. 10)

海王星与你亲密接触(9月10日)

Neptune is about 17 times bigger than Earth. (Photo: NASA [public domain]/Wikimedia Commons)

This is the best day of the year to see Neptune, as it makes its closest approach to earth, which happens when it's almost directly opposite of the sun. Even at its closest, you'll still need a telescope, as it'll look more like a bright star when viewing with just your naked eye.

这是一年中观察海王星最好的一天，因为它离地球最近，而这发生在它几乎与太阳正对的时候。即使是在离它最近的时候，你仍然需要一架望远镜，因为用肉眼看它会更像一颗明亮的星星。

Dial up Neil Young for this Harvest Moon (Sept. 14)

9月14日，尼尔·杨迎来了丰收之月

The Harvest Moon appears over the horizon in Washington, D.C. (Photo: CTDPIX [CC by SA 4.0]/Wikimedia Commons)

The "Harvest Moon" will reach full phase at 12:33 a.m. EDT. This type of full moon can occur in either September or October, since it's tied to an astronomical event: the autumnal equinox. It's called that because it provides the most light at a crucial time of year: to gather and complete the harvest!

“丰收之月”将于美国东部时间上午12:33分到达满月。这种满月可能发生在9月或10月，因为它与一个天文事件有关:秋分。之所以这么叫是因为它在一年中的关键时刻提供了最多的阳光:收集和完成收获!

Slide into fall (Sept. 23)

滑入秋天(9月23日)

The fall equinox occurs in the Northern Hemisphere at exactly 3:50 a.m. EDT. (Photo: Julia Prudska [CC by SA 3.0]/Wikimedia Commons)

The first day of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere will officially arrive on this day, and for our friends in the Southern Hemisphere, it's the first day of spring! At 3:50 a.m. EDT, we'll say goodbye to the lazy days of summer and welcome the start of fall with the autumnal equinox. According to Time and Date this event marks "the moment the sun crosses the celestial equator — the imaginary line in the sky above the Earth’s equator – from north to south and vice versa in March." It's also a good time to start thinking about firewood, carving pumpkins, warmer clothing, and an anticipation of the colder months that lie ahead. (According to the Farmers' Almanac, we're going to have a frigid one.)

北半球秋天的第一天将在这一天正式到来，对于我们南半球的朋友来说，这是春天的第一天!在美国东部时间凌晨3:50，我们将告别夏天的慵懒时光，以秋分迎接秋天的开始。根据时间和日期，这一事件标志着“太阳穿过地球赤道的时刻——地球赤道上方天空中的假想线——从北到南，反之亦然。”这也是开始考虑柴火、雕刻南瓜、暖和的衣服以及对未来寒冷月份的期待的好时候。(根据农民年鉴，我们将有一个寒冷的冬天。)

The return of the aurora, Zodiacal light (late September)

极光、黄道光的回归(九月下旬)

Zodiacal light is sometimes called 'false dawn' when it appears. (Photo: Mike Lewinski [CC by 2.0]/Flickr)

This celestial object (aka the Zodiacal light) also signals the start of fall for the Northern Hemisphere. It's described as a "cone-shaped glow," similar to the Milky Way's dusty look, but made out of comet and asteroid dust. For best viewing, look up your local sunrise time and back that up two hours — and make plenty of coffee to keep you awake as this "false dawn" appears.

这个天体(又名黄道光)也标志着北半球秋天的开始。它被描述为“锥形辉光”，类似于银河系的尘埃状，但由彗星和小行星尘埃构成。为了获得最佳的观赏效果，你可以查看当地的日出时间，并将其往回调两个小时——当这个“虚假的黎明”出现时，冲足够的咖啡让你保持清醒。