时间型的人不仅仅是早起的人和夜猫子

时间型的人不仅仅是早起的人和夜猫子

Until recently, researchers thought there were only two kinds of people: those who vaulted out of bed easily in the morning but started to fade after dinner and those who were groggy most of the morning but were at their peak in the evenings. Depending on whether you thrive in the a.m. or the p.m., you're either a morning person or a night owl.

直到最近，研究人员还认为只有两种人:一种人早上很容易从床上跳起来，但在晚饭后就开始衰弱;另一种人早上大部分时间都昏昏沉沉，但在晚上处于巅峰状态。这取决于你是在上午还是下午精力充沛。你要么是个早起的人，要么是个夜猫子。

All the kids in this retro photo don’t have the same chronotype, meaning more than one of them may have fallen asleep the afternoon after this photo was taken. (Photo: Roman Nerud/Shutterstock.com)

But if you don't see yourself in either category, new research offers two labels that might offer a better fit. A study published in the journal Personality and Individual Differences defines two new chronotypes — which are personality types based on when you're most alert and when you're most likely to want to sleep. The researchers call them the "napper" and "afternoon" chronotypes.

但如果你不认为自己属于这两类，新的研究提供了两种可能更适合你的标签。发表在《个性与个体差异》杂志上的一项研究定义了两种新的时间类型——一种是基于你什么时候最警觉，什么时候最有可能想睡觉。研究人员称他们为“午睡者”和“下午型”。

Here's a look at all four types so you can figure out which one you are and can plan your day (and night) accordingly. If you aren't sure, this quiz can help you narrow it down to morning and evening, and it does include the newest napper and afternoon personality types.

下面我们来看看这四种类型，这样你就能知道你是哪一种，并据此计划你的白天(和晚上)。如果你不确定，这个测试可以帮助你把范围缩小到早上和晚上，包括最新的午睡者和下午的性格类型。

Morning larks

早上云雀

Morning people love sunrise and are at their best in the morning. (Photo: lzf/Shutterstock)

Morning people are early risers who often wake up before their alarms, or at least have little trouble getting out of bed when it's time to start the day. They are most alert and do their best work earlier in the day and begin to fade as the day goes on. They typically go to bed early or at a fairly traditional hour.

早起的人是经常在闹钟响之前醒来的人，或者至少在开始新一天的时候起床没有什么困难。他们在一天的早些时候最警觉，工作做得最好，随着时间的推移，他们开始变得迟钝。他们通常早睡或在一个相当传统的时间睡觉。

Night owls

夜猫子

Night owls thrive late in the evening. (Photo: GaudiLab/Shutterstock)

Night owls would sleep in until late morning (or later) if given the chance, but often slog through the mornings, not reaching their peak until much later in the day. They're often at their best in the evenings and can toil into the wee hours, not going to bed until very late, still studying or working while others have gone to sleep.

如果有机会，夜猫子会睡到很晚(或更晚)，但他们通常会熬过早晨，直到白天很晚才达到顶峰。他们通常在晚上处于最佳状态，可以辛苦工作到凌晨，直到很晚才上床睡觉，在别人睡觉时还在学习或工作。

Nappers

打盹的人(小睡型)

Nappers are sleepiest in the afternoons. (Photo: WAYHOME studio/Shutterstock)

The newly defined napper types are sleepiest in the afternoon vs. the morning or the evening. They start out very alert in the mornings and stay that way until about 11 a.m., according to Psychology Today. Then they get more and more drowsy, which peaks in mid-afternoon around 3 p.m. After that, they become alert again until about 10 p.m. and then get sleepy again.

新定义的小睡者类型在下午比在早上或晚上更困。他们早上一开始非常警觉，一直保持到11点左右。据《今日心理学》报道。然后他们会越来越困倦，下午三点左右达到顶峰。在那之后，他们会再次保持警觉，直到晚上10点左右，然后再次犯困。

Afternoon people

下午警觉的人

Guess when afternoon people hit their peak? (Photo: Pereslavtseva Katerina/Shutterstock)

Also newly defined, afternoon types are sleepy both in the morning and in the evening. Afternoon chronotypes are the most alert and at their peak in the afternoons. They start to become alert around 11 a.m. and that alertness stays high until about 5 p.m., when they become sleepy again.

同样是新定义的，下午型的人在早上和晚上都昏昏欲睡。下午的时间类型是最警觉的，在下午达到高峰。他们在上午11点左右开始警觉，这种警觉一直保持到下午5点左右，之后他们再次犯困。