马斯克：人工智能或导致第三次世界大战

“对文明的存续而言，真正有可能引发第三次世界大战的，是AI(人工智能)”。9月4日，被许多人看作“现实版钢铁侠”的SpaceX公司创始人埃隆•马斯克连发多条推特，表明了上述观点。虽然身为美国顶尖科技公司的老板，埃隆•马斯克对人工智能的“担忧”一直十分鲜明。

Elon Musk, founder, CEO and lead designer at SpaceX and co-founder of Tesla, speaks at the SpaceX Hyperloop Pod Competition II in Hawthorne, California, US, August 27, 2017. REUTERS/Mike Blake

Elon Musk has said again that artificial intelligence could be humanity’s greatest existential threat, this time by starting a third world war.

埃隆•马斯克再一次警告称，人工智能或将成为人类存亡的威胁，这次他指的是人工智能将会引发第三次世界大战。

The prospect clearly weighs heavily on Musk’s mind, since the SpaceX, Tesla and Boring Company chief tweeted at 2.33am Los Angeles time about how AI could lead to the end of the world.

洛杉矶时间(9月4日)凌晨2时33分，SpaceX、特斯拉和Boring Company的CEO马斯克在推特上发表了关于人工智能或引发世界末日的言论，显然他对这一前景感到十分担忧。

His fears were prompted by a statement from Vladimir Putin that “artificial intelligence is the future, not only for Russia, but for all humankind … It comes with colossal opportunities, but also threats that are difficult to predict. Whoever becomes the leader in this sphere will become the ruler of the world.”

俄罗斯总统普京曾在一场演讲中说道：“未来是属于人工智能的，不仅是俄罗斯的，也是全人类的未来……这将带来巨大的机遇，同时也有难以预测的威胁。人工智能领域的领导者将成为世界的领导者。”普京这一言论引起了马斯克对于人工智能的恐惧。

美国科技网站The Verge在推特上发文称，俄罗斯总统普京表示，“不论哪个国家，谁在AI领域领跑谁就会成为世界的统治者”。马斯克在这条推特下评论道，“已经开始了。”

China, Russia, soon all countries w strong computer science. Competition for AI superiority at national level most likely cause of WW3 imo.

“中国、俄罗斯，所有国家都会壮大发展计算机科学。在我看来，国家间对人工智能优势的争夺，很可能引发第三次世界大战。”

——埃隆•马斯克(@elonmusk)发于2017年9月4日

In a series of tweets on Monday, the Tesla, SpaceX, Neuralink and OpenAI co-founder wrote that artificial intelligence could be the eventual cause of the next world war.

在9月4日发布的众多推特中，特斯拉、SpaceX 、Neuralink及OpenAI公司的联合创始人马斯克表示，人工智能将成为下一次世界大战的根源。

May be initiated not by the country leaders, but one of the AI's, if it decides that a preemptive strike is most probable path to victory.

“(战争)可能不是由某个国家的领导人发起，而是由人工智能发起的，只要它认为一场先发制人的打击最有可能带来胜利。”

——埃隆•马斯克(@elonmusk)发于2017年9月4日

Govts don't need to follow normal laws. They will obtain AI developed by companies at gunpoint, if necessary.

“政府不需要遵循正常法则，必要的话，他们会拿着枪逼企业交出他们开发的AI技术。”

——埃隆•马斯克(@elonmusk)发于2017年9月4日

Musk’s fear of AI warfare has been a driving force in his public statements for a long time. Last month, he was one of more than 100 signatories calling for a UN-led ban of lethal autonomous weapons.

长久以来，马斯克对于人工智能发动战争的恐惧一直是他在公共场合发表的言论的主论调。在8月，他与其他100多人联名签署了一封建议信，呼吁联合国禁止研发“机器人杀手”(能致人死亡的自动武器)。

“Once developed, lethal autonomous weapons will permit armed conflict to be fought at a scale greater than ever, and at timescales faster than humans can comprehend,” the letter read. “These can be weapons of terror, weapons that despots and terrorists use against innocent populations, and weapons hacked to behave in undesirable ways.

信里写道：“机器人杀手一旦研发出来，将会造成空前规模的武装冲突，其速度之快也远超人们所能理解的程度。这或许还会变成恐怖行动的武器，专制者和恐怖分子用来对付无辜大众的武器，还可能被黑客盗用来做不法之事。”

“We do not have long to act. Once this Pandora’s box is opened, it will be hard to close.”

“我们要快点行动起来，潘多拉魔盒一旦打开，就很难合上。”