脚踝扭伤是否该用冰敷？

To Ice or Not to Ice a Sprained Ankle?

脚踝扭伤是否该用冰敷?

If you've ever suffered a sprain, you're no doubt familiar with RICE—which stands for rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Back in 1978, Gabe Mirkin, MD, popularized the acronym in his The Sports Medicine Book, and it has become the standard recommendation for many sudden sports injuries.

如果你曾扭伤过，那你肯定熟悉RICE——即休息，冰敷，压缩和提升。1978年，总经理加布·米尔金在他的《运动医药书》中使该首字母缩略词流行起来，RICE以成为许多意外运动受伤的标准建议。

But there's recently been some debate about the I in RICE. In a 2013 review of studies the National Athletic Trainers' Association pointed out that the evidence for icing a sprain is "sparse." And more recently, Dr. Mirkin himself changed his mind about ice based on research that suggests icing injured tissue cuts off its blood supply. He told Consumer Reports on Health that he now believes “ice doesn’t increase healing—it delays it.”

但是最近人们对RICE中的冰敷有些争议。2013年，国家运动训练协会在对一些研究的评论中指出对扭伤进行冰敷的证据“稀疏”。最近，基于表明对受伤组织进行冰敷会切断血液供给的一项研究，米尔金医生自己对冰敷的意见也有所改变。他告诉《消费者健康报道》：他现在相信“冰敷不会加快伤愈——而是会延缓伤愈。”

So what should you do if (ugh) you twist your ankle? We reached out to leading docs for their advice.

所以如果你脚踝扭伤你应该做什么呢?我们征求了前沿医生的建议。

To ice or not to ice?

要不要冰敷?

It turns out there’s still plenty of support in the field for using ice to treat sprains. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society both back the RICE approach.

结果表明还是有很多医疗人员支持用冰敷治疗扭伤的。美国矫形外科医师学会和美国骨科足与踝关节协会都支持RICE的方法。

“I’m actually a big ice proponent,” says James Gladstone, MD, co-chief of the Division of Sports Medicine and associate professor of orthopaedic surgery at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City. “I don’t think there’s a new wave necessarily in terms of treatment, and particularly for sports medicine doctors treating athletes acutely.” Anytime someone twists a joint in professional sports like football or soccer, he adds, the first thing a trainer does is put ice packs on the injured area.

“实际上，我十分支持使用冰敷，”总经理詹姆斯·格拉德斯通说道，他同时还是运动医学部门的首领之一，也是纽约市西奈山医学院整形外科的副教授。“就治疗而言，我认为没必要有新的起伏，尤其是在医生强烈治疗运动员的运动药品方面。”任何时候有人在像足球这样的专业运动上扭伤了关节，他补充道，训练员做的第一件事就是在受伤部位敷以冰袋。

Ice helps numb the pain, and reduces swelling by constricting the blood vessels, Dr. Gladstone explains. “You still get a sufficient inflammatory response even with the ice to get the healing started,” he says. And if icing can reduce swelling enough, it may make it possible to mobilize the joint earlier.

冰能使疼痛麻木，通过控制血管减少肿胀，医生格拉德斯通解释道，“要开始愈合伤口，即使敷了冰，还是会有足够的炎症反应，”他说道。如果冰敷能足够减少膨胀，它也有可能早点使受伤关节动起来。