埃博拉病毒横行 年轻人更易生还

Who survives Ebola and why? Health workers treating patients in Sierra Leone, including some who died doing that work, have published the most detailed report yet on medical aspects of the epidemic. The research suggests young people are less likely to perish, fever is the most common symptom when victims first seek care, and early help is crucial。

谁能在埃博拉中生还?又为何生还?塞阿里昂的医疗工作者，包括那些因埃博拉去世的，出版了有史以来最为详细的埃博拉医疗报告。报告称年轻人最易生还，发烧是感染首次治疗最常见的症状，早期的治疗至关重要。

In particular, it shows the advantage of youth — the fatality rate was only 57 percent for patients under 21, but a whopping 94 percent for those over 45.

报告特别强调了年轻人在战胜埃博拉病毒的优势，21岁以下的年轻人的死亡率仅仅为57%，然而对于45岁以上的人群，死亡率却达到惊人的94%。

Key findings:

报告的核心发现：

1、It can be hard even in an outbreak setting to tell who has Ebola. Of the 213 people initially tested for signs of a hemorrhagic fever, about half, or 106, turned out to have Ebola。

即使在疫情爆发地区也很难诊断埃博拉。在212名初始症状为出血热的病人中，大约有一半，即106名被最终确定感染埃博拉病毒。

2、The estimated incubation period was 6 to 12 days, similar to what has been seen elsewhere in this outbreak。

埃博拉的潜伏期预计为6到12天，这与疫情爆发的其他地方的情况相似。

3、Fever was the most common symptom — 89 percent had it when diagnosed. Other symptoms were headache (80 percent)， weakness (66 percent)， dizziness (60 percent)， diarrhea (51 percent)， abdominal pain (40 percent)， and vomiting (34 percent). Only one patient had bleeding, one of the most gruesome symptoms, but researchers say other cases may have been missed through incomplete record-keeping. Patients with weakness, dizziness and diarrhea were more likely to die。

发热是最常见的症状——89%的人在诊断的时候出现此症状。其他的症状包括头痛(80%)、虚弱无力(66%)、头昏(60%)、腹泻(51%)、腹痛(40%)和呕吐(34%)。只有一个患者出现了最为可怕的出血症状，但是研究者们称由于记录的不完整，其他案例可能被忽略了。有虚弱无力、头晕和腹泻症状的患者最有可能死亡。

4、Those with more virus in their blood when they sought medical care, indicating more advanced infections, were more likely to die than those who got help when their illness was less far along。

那些就医时血液中有更多病毒的患者往往感染更为严重，他们的死亡率比那些病症较轻的患者更高。