2022年11月12日 VOA慢速英语：避风港诉保护区

 
Hello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question about the difference between "haven" and "sanctuary."
您好！本周问老师，我们将回答一个关于“haven”和“sanctuary”的区别的问题。
 
Question:
问题：
 
Hello teacher,
老师您好，
 
I am Ghulammohammad from Afghanistan. I am confused by the words "haven" and "sanctuary."
< br/>我是来自阿富汗的 Ghulammohammad。我对“避风港”和“避难所”这两个词感到困惑。
 
Thanks,
谢谢，
 
Ghulammohammad
 
Answer
问题：
 
Dear Ghulammohammad,
亲爱的古拉姆穆罕默德，
 
Thanks for writing to us. These words can mean the same thing, but they also have their own meanings and uses.
感谢您给我们写信。这些词可以表示相同的意思，但它们也有自己的含义和用途。
 
Let's explore each of them with some examples.
让我们用一些例子来探索它们中的每一个。
 
Haven
避风港
 
"Haven" is a noun and it has several different meanings.
“避风港”是一个名词，它有几种不同的含义。
 
In the past, a "haven" was a harbor for ships that was protected from the sea.
过去，“避风港”是船舶避难的港湾。
 
Over the centuries, this meaning has fallen out of use. But you might see it used as a part of a name of a place near a harbor.
几个世纪以来，这个含义已经不再使用。但是您可能会看到它被用作港口附近地方名称的一部分。
 
It is helpful to know the past meaning of haven to understand the current usage of the word. The modern meaning of "haven" is a place that provides safety or refuge.
了解haven的过去含义有助于理解该词的当前用法。“避风港”的现代含义是提供安全或避难所的地方。
 
For example,
例如，
 
Mother birds use a nest as a haven for their baby birds.
母鸟使用巢作为幼鸟的避风港。
 
We often use "haven" with the adjective "safe," as in "safe haven."
我们经常将“避风港”与形容词“安全”一起使用，例如“避风港”。

The local youth center provides a safe haven for children after school.
当地的青年中心为放学后的孩子提供了避风港。

It can also be used to describe a place that offers a lot of opportunities for certain kinds of people. For example:
它也可以用来描述为某些类型的人提供很多机会的地方。例如：

The restaurant is a haven for local artists to share their work.
餐厅是当地艺术家分享作品的天堂。

Now, let's turn to "sanctuary."
现在，让我们转向“避难所”。

Sanctuary
避难所

"Sanctuary" is a noun with several different meanings.
“圣所”是一个名词，有多种不同的含义。

In religion, a "sanctuary" is a holy place or room for religious services. For example,
在宗教中，“圣所”是一个圣地或宗教服务的场所。例如，

The leader of the church addresses the attendees from the sanctuary.
教会领袖向圣所的来宾致辞。

Members of the choir sit near the church sanctuary.
唱诗班的成员坐在教堂圣所附近。
 
Over time, the meaning and use has changed. Churches have at times permitted people to seek shelter and refuge inside the building. This created the idea of the sanctuaries as being safe places. So now, "sanctuary" means a place where someone or something is protected or given shelter.
随着时间的推移，含义和用途发生了变化。教堂有时允许人们在建筑物内寻求庇护和避难。这创造了避难所作为安全场所的想法。所以现在，“避难所”是指某人或某物受到保护或庇护的地方。
 
It can also mean a place where one can find peace.
它也可以表示一个可以找到和平的地方。

The garden was her sanctuary after work, a place where she was able to relax.
花园是她下班后的避难所，一个她可以放松的地方。

A "sanctuary" is also a protected space for animals to live freely and away from danger. There are many wildlife sanctuaries around the world.
“避难所”是也是动物自由生活和远离危险的受保护空间。世界各地有许多野生动物保护区。

Lions and tigers have been placed in big cat sanctuaries where they are free and are not hunted.
狮子和老虎被安置在大型猫科动物保护区，在那里它们可以自由自在，不会被猎杀。

Lastly, as an adjective, "sanctuary" is used to describe areas in the United States where local law enforcement has a limited ability to oversee federal laws related to immigration.
最后，作为形容词， “避难所”用于描述美国当地执法部门对移民相关联邦法律的监督能力有限的地区。

States like California, New Mexico, New York, and Vermont are all sanctuary states.
加州、新墨西哥州、纽约州和佛蒙特州等州都是避难所。
 
This means that undocumented people will not be asked about their immigration status.
这意味着无证人员将不会被询问他们的移民身份。
Please let us know if these explanations and examples have helped you!
如果这些解释和示例对您有所帮助，请告诉我们！