2022年11月07日 VOA慢速英语：阿拉斯加岛上的人口面临“可怕”的情况

 

The Alaska Native village of Shishmaref sits on the sinking barrier island Sarichef in the Chukchi Sea near the Bering Strait. The island lies between the United States and Russia, where it is increasingly threatened by the effects of climate change.
阿拉斯加原住民村庄 Shishmaref 坐落在白令海峡附近楚科奇海下沉的屏障岛 Sarichef 上。该岛位于美国和俄罗斯之间，日益受到气候变化影响的威胁。
 
The village is home to about 600 members of the Inupiat People. They live simply, without running water and other modern technology.
该村居住着约 600 名因纽特人。他们生活简朴，没有自来水和其他现代科技。
 
Rising sea levels, flooding, increased erosion and loss of protective sea ice and land is a huge concern for the villagers. Some want to leave.
海平面上升、洪水、侵蚀加剧以及保护性海冰和土地的丧失是村民们非常关心的问题。有些人想离开。
 
In fact, the community has voted in support of proposals to resettle elsewhere. Yet, more than six years after the last vote, Shishmaref remains in place. The planned move costs more than the village can pay.
事实上，社区已经投票支持在其他地方重新安置的提议。然而，在上次投票六年多之后，希什马里夫仍然在位。计划中的搬迁费用超出了村庄的承受能力。
 
So, the community carries on toward a troubling future.
因此，社区继续走向一个令人不安的未来。
 
The villagers continue their traditions. They celebrate birthdays, baptisms and school graduations. Their lives center on their homes, the local school and one of the world's northernmost Christian churches.
村民们继续他们的传统。他们庆祝生日、洗礼和学校毕业典礼。他们的生活以他们的家、当地学校和世界上最北端的基督教教堂之一为中心。
 
Aaron Silco leads the local Lutheran Church. He called the concern about the shrinking land and floods "too much of a burden" for the community. He said if the villagers think about climate change too often, it will hurt their ability to live their lives. It will take away from things such as birthday parties, funerals and sporting events.
Aaron Silco 领导当地的路德教会。他称对土地萎缩和洪水的担忧对社区来说“负担过大”。他说，如果村民们过于频繁地考虑气候变化，就会损害他们的生活能力。它将带走诸如生日聚会、葬礼和体育赛事等活动。
 
"There is still life happening," Silco said.
“仍然有生命在发生，”Silco 说。
 
Rich Stasenko agrees. He moved to Shishmaref in the 1970s. He calls the community "resourceful" and "resilient."
Rich Stasenko 表示同意。他在 1970 年代搬到了 Shishmaref。他称这个社区“足智多谋”和“有弹性”。
 
"I don't see victims here," he said.
“我在这里看不到受害者，”他说。
 
The problem
问题
 
In the 30 years since 1992, the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association says temperatures in Alaska have gone up by 1.4 degrees Celsius.
美国国家海洋和大气协会表示，自 1992 年以来的 30 年间，阿拉斯加的气温上升了 1.4 摄氏度。
 
That area of the Arctic had been warming twice as fast as the rest of the world. Now it is warming three times faster.
北极地区的变暖速度是世界其他地区的两倍。现在它的升温速度快了三倍。
 
The island already does not have much space where people can live. It is only about five kilometers long and 400 meters wide. It used to be protected by a large layer of ice that is melting. The lack of ice means more flooding and more problems from storms. The sea is reclaiming the coast. About 14 homes had to be moved inland in 2002.
岛上已经没有太多可供人们居住的空间。它只有大约五公里长，四百米宽。它曾经受到一大层正在融化的冰的保护。冰的缺乏意味着更多的洪水和风暴带来的更多问题。大海正在收复海岸。2002 年，约有 14 所房屋不得不搬到内陆。
 
There are many towns in Alaska like Shishmaref that are having problems due to warming weather. Most of the people that live in the small towns are native people who are related to the first people to live on the islands.
由于天气变暖，阿拉斯加有许多城镇（如 Shishmaref）遇到了问题。大多数住在小城镇的人都是与第一批住在岛上的人有关的土著人。
 
The U.S government's accountability office says climate change is expected to make their problems worse.
美国政府的问责办公室表示，气候变化预计会使他们的问题变得更糟。
 
Lloyd Kiyutelluk is president of the local tribal council.
Lloyd Kiyutelluk 是当地部落委员会的主席。
 
"I'm scared that we will have to move …" he said. He does not want the government to say the situation is "an emergency … but the way things are, we're getting storms that we've never seen before."
“我害怕我们不得不搬家……”他说。他不希望政府说这种情况是“紧急情况......但事情就是这样，我们正在经历前所未有的风暴”。
 
Government leaders warned that the island would have a problem during a storm in September. Officials said it could bring the worst flooding in 50 years. As the storm moved through the Bering Strait, it cut electricity, destroyed an important road and flooded a human waste treatment center.
政府领导人警告说，该岛将在 9 月的暴风雨中出现问题。官员们表示，这可能会带来 50 年来最严重的洪水。当风暴穿过白令海峡时，它切断了电力，摧毁了一条重要的道路，并淹没了一个人类废物处理中心。
 
Molly Snell, 35, talked about the storm. She said she hoped the village would not be forced to evacuate.
35 岁的莫莉·斯内尔谈到了这场风暴。她说她希望村里不会被迫撤离。
 
"The right storm, with the right wind could take out the whole island," she said. She said the island is more "vulnerable" due to climate change.
“合适的风暴和合适的风可以摧毁整个岛屿，”她说。她说，由于气候变化，该岛更加“脆弱”。
Who is to blame?
谁该受责备？
 
Over time, the community has changed its ways. However, the people of Shishmaref have not contributed much to climate change. Most of the greenhouse gases to blame are produced by populations in Europe and continental North America.
随着时间的推移，社区已经改变了它的方式。然而，希什马里夫人民对气候变化的贡献不大。大多数温室气体是由欧洲和北美大陆的人口产生的。
 
Elizabeth Marino calls that situation an example of "climate injustice."
伊丽莎白马里诺称这种情况为“气候不公正”的一个例子。
 
Marino is an anthropologist, or an expert on humans and their communities. She studied the people of Shishmaref and wrote a book about her findings.
Marino 是人类学家，或者是人类及其社区方面的专家。她研究了希什马里夫的人，并写了一本关于她的发现的书。