初中·课本中不会教你的 代词 正误速辨

代词 正误速辨

1　我们都不喜欢这部电影。

误 　We all don't like the film.

误 　All of us don't like the film.

正 　None of us like the film.

评 　表示“我们都不”要用None of us...。

2　琳达，她是莉莉。

误 　Linda, she is Lily.

正 　Linda, this is Lily.

评 　用英语介绍双方相识时，常用“this is...”结构。

3　我不能把他一个人留下。

误 　I can't leave him himself .

正 　I can't leave him by himself .

评 　leave sb. by himself表示“把某人独个儿留下”，为习惯搭配。

4　是他写的那封信。

误 　It's him who wrote the letter.

正 　It's he who wrote the letter.

评 　在正式场合，be动词后要用代词的主格形式，在口语中或在非正式场合可用代词的宾格形式。

5　那是什么？—那是椅子。

误 　What's that?—That is a chair.

正 　What's that?—It is a chair.

评 　由this或that表示的问句，回答时要用it。it不译为“它”，而译为“这”或“那”。

6　我认为告诉你他们之间的区别很重要。

误 　I think important to tell you the difference between them.

正 　I think it important to tell you the difference between them.

评 　think, find, feel等动词后常用it作形式宾语，而把真正宾语不定式后置。

7　这个书包不是我的，是她的。

误 　This bag is not mine. It's her .

正 　This bag is not mine. It's hers .

评 　mine, ours, hers等名词性物主代词，可单独使用。my, her, our等形容词性物主代词，不可单独使用，后要跟具体的人或物。

8　这是谁的钢笔？—是汤姆的。

误 　Whose pen is it? —Its Tom's.

正 　Whose pen is it? —It's Tom's.

评 　its是it的所有格形式，作定语。it's是it is的缩写。

9　谁能回答这个问题？我能！

误 　Who can answer the question? I !

正 　Who can answer the question? Me !

评 　主格人称代词（I, we等）通常不单独使用，在简单回答中，一般用宾格人称代词。

10　那些是什么？—那些是鸡蛋。

误 　What are those?—Those are eggs.

正 　What are those?—They are eggs.

评 　由these或those引起的问句，回答时要用they。

11　他们中谁会说英语？

误 　Who of them can speak English?

正 　Which of them can speak English?

评 　which可指人或物，表示一定范围内的“哪一个，谁”。

12　她母亲是一位教师。

误 　She mother is a teacher.

正 　Her mother is a teacher.

评 　“她母亲”要用代词所有格her，不可用代词主格。

13　任何人都不能摘这些花。

误 　Anybody can not pick these flowers.

正 　Nobody can pick these flowers.

评 　anybody, anyone和anything用在肯定句中作主语，不可在否定句中作主语。nobody, no one和nothing用于否定句中作主语。

14　谁迟到了？—我想是玛丽。

误 　Who is absent?—I think she is Mary.

正 　Who is absent?—I think it's Mary.

评 　回答Who is absent? Who's that等类似问句时，如果不能肯定是“谁”，常用it代替人。

15　他们哪一个也不知道答案。

误 　Each of them doesn't know the answer.

正 　None of them knows the answer.

评 　each作主语时，只用于肯定句，不可用于否定句。

16　这是谁的词典？

误 　Who's dictionary is this?

正 　Whose dictionary is this?

评 　who's是who is的缩写，不可作定语。whose意为“谁的”，作定语或表语。

17　我想喝点水，但杯子里没有水。

误 　I want to drink some water, but there is nothing in the bottle.

正 　I want to drink some water, but there is none in the bottle.

评 　none作不可数名词表示“一点也没有”，相当于not any。nothing表示“没有什么（东西），什么（东西）也没有”。

18　这是她见过的最高的山。

误 　It is the highest mountain which she has seen.

正 　It is the highest mountain that she has seen.

评 　作先行词的名词前有最高级修饰时，其后的定语从句要用that引导，不可用which。

19　所有这些书都是我的。

误 　All these books are my .

正 　All these books are mine .

评 　mine是名词性物主代词，可作主语、表语或宾语，相当于my+名词。

20　就是在南京，她第一次遇见了他。

误 　It was in Nanjing where she first met him.

正 　It was in Nanjing that she first met him.

评 　在“It is...that”强调结构中，无论强调地点、时间或人，均用that引导，不用where, which等。

21　这是艾丽丝的钥匙，请交给她。

误 　This is Alice's key. Please give her it .

正 　This is Alice's key. Please give it to her .

评 　give可带双宾语。如果直接宾语代词是指物的it或them，只能说give it/them to sb.；如果直接宾语是名词，则可用give me the key或give the key to me。

22　我要说的就是：多注意你的发音。

误 　What I want to say is that : Pay more attention to your pronunciation.

正 　What I want to say is this : Pay more attention to your pronunciation.

评 　this用于指代下面将要提及的事，that则指代上面已提到过的事。

23　他们所有人都喜欢这部电影。

误 　All them like the film.

正 　All of them like the film.

评 　all不可直接修饰代词，要用“all of+代词宾格”结构。

24　他通常在星期天做家务。

误 　He usually does his housework on Sunday.

正 　He usually does housework on Sunday.

评 　“做家务”要说do housework，不可加one's。

25　她本人和她的儿子都受了伤。

误 　Herself and her son were hurt.

正 　She and her son were hurt.

评 　反身代词用于表示强调的场合。

26　玛丽穿着同莉莉一样的裙子。

误 　Mary wears the same skirt that Lily wears.

正 　Mary wears the same skirt as Lily wears.

评 　the same...as表示“同……一样的”，但两者不是同一物，the same...that则表示两者为同一物。

27　你父亲是干什么的？—他是教师。

误 　Who is your father?—He is a teacher.

正 　What is your father?—He is a teacher.

正 　What does your father do?—He is a teacher.

28　这个篮子里的苹果比那个篮子里的苹果大。

误 　The apples in this basket are bigger than that in that basket.

正 　The apples in this basket are bigger than those in that basket.

评 　those和that均可指代前面已提到过的名词，those指代复数名词，that指代单数名词或不可数名词。

29　他自学英语。

误 　He taught him English.

正 　He taught himself English.

评 　当主语与宾语为同一人时，要用反身代词。

30　他们两人，哪一个都会放风筝。

误 　Any of them can fly a kite.

正 　Either of them can fly a kite.

评 　either表示“两个中的任何一个”；any表示“3个或3个以上中的任何一个”。

31　班上人人都喜欢运动。

误 　Everyone in the class are fond of sports.

正 　Everyone in the class is fond of sports.

评 　everyone, everybody, everything, anyone, somebody等代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

32　他打了她的脸。

误 　He hit her in her face .

正 　He hit her in the face .

评 　“打某人的脸”，要用hit sb. in the face，习惯表达。

33　这幅画多美啊！

误 　How a beautiful picture it is!

正 　What a beautiful picture it is!

正 　How beautiful the picture is!

评 　what引导感叹句修饰名词，名词前可有其他形容词修饰。how引导感叹句修饰形容词、副词或动词。

34　我有一块手表，但是几天前弄丢了。

误 　I had a watch but I lost this a few days ago.

正 　I had a watch but I lost it a few days ago.

评 　指代前面已提到过的单数名词，要用it，不用this。

35　我有些重要的事要告诉你。

误 　I have important something to tell you.

正 　I have something important to tell you.

评 　修饰不定代词something, nothing, anything, everything等的形容词，要后置。

36　我的雨伞丢了，我要再买一把。

误 　I've lost my umbrella, I want to buy it again.

正 　I've lost my umbrella, I want to buy one again.

评 　one用于泛指，代替同一名称的另一件东西，两者不是同一物。

37　他自己洗衣服。

误 　Himself washed the clothes.

正 　He washed the clothes himself .

评 　反身代词通常不作主语，而作主语或宾语的同位语，也可作动词宾语或介词宾语，常表示强调。

38　她昨天什么也没有吃。

误 　She didn't eat something yesterday.

正 　She didn't eat anything yesterday.

评 　something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑问句。

39　我没有词典，得买一本。

误 　I haven't got a dictionary and have to buy that .

正 　I haven't got a dictionary and have to buy one .

评 　表示泛指的“a/an+名词”常用one代替，表示特指的“the+名词”常用that代替。

40　那是我自己的房间。

误 　That's myself room.

正 　That's my own room.

评 　反身代词myself, ourselves等不可作定语。

41　一个人应随时向别人学习。

误 　Someone should always be ready to learn from others.

正 　One should always be ready to learn from others.

评 　one表示“一个人，任何人”，为泛指，包括说话人在内。someone表示“某人，有人”。

42　她在晚会上玩得很高兴。

误 　She enjoyed her at the party.

正 　She enjoyed herself at the party.

评 　enjoy oneself表示“过得快活，玩得快活”，要用反身代词作宾语。

43　每个人都尽了全力。

误 　Everybody has done their best.

正 　Everybody has done his best.

评 　everybody为单数，应用his保持一致。

44　这两扇窗子都开着。

误 　The windows both are open.

正 　The windows are both open.

评 　both作同位语时，一般要放在be动词、助动词、情态动词后，行为动词前。如：They both joined the army. （他们两人都参了军。） We must both read the book again. （我们两人都得把这本书再读一遍。）

【提示】 all用作同位语时的位置与both相同。

45　汽车来了，不是吗？

误 　There comes the bus, doesn't there ?

正 　There comes the bus, doesn't it ?

评 　there be句型表示“存在”时，其附加问句仍用there引导。

46　你怎样处理这些旧书呢？

误 　How will you do with these old books?

正 　What will you do with these old books?

评 　do with意为“处理，对付”，do是及物动词，应有宾语，故要用what，不用how。

47　所有这样的工具都是手工做的。

误 　Such all tools are made by hand.

正 　All such tools are made by hand.

评 　指示代词such应放在any, one, few, some, all, no等修饰语后。

48　她昨天收到了他的来信。

误 　She heard from his letter yesterday.

正 　She heard from him yesterday.

正 　She received his letter yesterday.

评 　“收到来信”可以说hear from sb.或receive sb.'s letter。

49　我昨晚9点钟做完了家庭作业。

误 　I finished homework at nine o'clock last night.

正 　I finished my homework at nine o'clock last night.

评 　do one's homework和finish one's homework为固定表达。

50　他们几个人谁也没爬那座山。

误 　Neither of them climbed the mountain.

正 　None of them climbed the mountain.

评 　neither表示“两者都不”；none指“3个或3个以上都不”。

51　中国有多少人口？

误 　How many is the population of China?

误 　How much is the population of China?

正 　What's the population of China?

评 　问“多少人口”要用What's the population...?或How big is the population...?不可用how many或how much。

52　她的父母是医生。

误 　Her father and her mother are doctors.

正 　Her father and mother are doctors.

正 　Her parents are doctors.

评 　and连接的两个名词，关系密切时，常共用一个冠词或代词，如果关系不密切，则每个名词前均要用冠词或代词。

53　两个男孩都在房间里。

误 　Either of the boys are in the room.

正 　Either of the boys is in the room.

评 　“either of, neither of+复数名词或代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

54　我和莉莉在同一班上。

误 　I and Lily are in the same class.

正 　Lily and I are in the same class.

评 　出于礼貌，英语中通常把you放在最前面，把I放在最后。

55　那里没有人，是吗？

误 　Nobody is there, is anybody ?

正 　Nobody is there, are they ?

评 　nobody作陈述句的主语时，其反意疑问句通常要用they。

56　他说：“我知道答案。”

误 　He said that, “I know the answer.”

正 　He said, “I know the answer.”

评 　在直接引语中，不用连接词that，在间接引语中才用that。