初中·课本中不会教你的 介词与冠词 正误速辨
介词与冠词 正误速辨
1 临河有一些新房子。
误 There are some new houses at the river.
正 There are some new houses on/by the river.
评 on这里表示“临近”，也可用by。
2 老师昨天到我家进行了家访。
误 The teacher called on my house yesterday.
正 The teacher called at my house yesterday.
评 访问某场所要用call at，访问某人用call on。
3 我们在听一首新歌。
误 We are listening a new song.
正 We are listening to a new song.
评 listen为不及物动词，后有宾语时，要加to。
4 你请。/请。/请先走。
误 First , please.
误 You first go , please.
正 After you .
评 请别人先行、先进门等要说After you。
5 他20年前在一个农场里工作。
误 He worked in a farm twenty years ago.
正 He worked on a farm twenty years ago.
评 “在农场里”要说on a/the farm。
6 他住在黄河以北的一座小城里。
误 He lives in a town in the north of the Yellow River.
正 He lives in a town on the north of the Yellow River.
评 on表示“相邻”，in表示在某范围内。
7 他用电话跟她交谈。
误 He talked with her by the phone.
正 He talked with her on the phone.
正 He talked with her over the phone.
评 使用或通过电话、电视等时，一般要用on或over。
8 我可以看看你的新车吗？
误 May I look your new car?
正 May I look at your new car?
评 look表示“看，瞧”，为不及物动词，要加at后接宾语。
9 我在广播里听到这个消息的。
误 I heard the news from the radio.
正 I heard the news over the radio.
评 “在广播里（听）”要用over/on/upon the radio。
10 他看见墙上有一个洞。
误 He saw a hole on the wall.
正 He saw a hole in the wall.
评 洞在墙体内，故用in。on表示在某物表面上。
11 该吃晚饭了。
误 It's time to supper .
正 It's time for supper .
正 It's time to have supper .
评 表示“该是……的时候了”用It's time for sth./to do sth.。
12 这瓶子里装满了油。
误 The bottle is full with oil.
正 The bottle is full of oil.
正 The bottle is filled with oil.
评 表示“充满”，用be full of或be filled with。
13 她日夜照料这些孩子们。
误 She looked these children after day and night.
正 She looked after these children day and night.
评 look after后可接宾语，但不可拆开使用。
14 课文的注释在38页上。
误 The notes of the text is on page 38.
正 The notes to the text is on page 38.
评 问题的答案、门的钥匙等要用to。
15 让我看看你的新书。
误 Let me have a look your new book.
正 Let me have a look at your new book.
评 have a look表示“看一看”，可单独使用。后接宾语要加at。
16 他骑马去那儿的。
误 He went there by horseback.
正 He went there on horseback.
评 “骑马”要说on horseback。
17 他周末常去钓鱼。
误 He often goes fishing in weekend .
正 He often goes fishing at weekends .
评 “在周末”英式英语用at，美式英语用on。
18 她用铅笔写了那封信。
误 She wrote the letter with pencil.
正 She wrote the letter in pencil.
评 in表示用某种材料，或就字迹而言。with表示书写的工具。
19 我妈妈今天在家。
误 My mother is in home today.
正 My mother is at home today.
正 My mother is in today.
评 “在家”英语中常用be at home或be in。
20 他看见一些警察站在街上。
误 He saw some policemen stand at the street.
正 He saw some policemen stand in/on the street.
评 “站在街上”可以说stand in/on the street，不可用at。
21 它看上去像一只猴子。
误 It likes a monkey.
误 It looks a monkey.
正 It looks like a monkey.
评 “看上去像”要用look like。
22 他们在用英语交谈。
误 They are talking with English .
正 They are talking in English .
评 用某种语言要用in。用某种工具要用with。
23 他是委员会成员。
误 He is in the committee.
正 He is on the committee.
正 He sits on the committee.
评 表示某人为委员会的一个成员，用on。
24 汤姆今天早上6点钟起的床。
误 Tom got up at six in this morning .
正 Tom got up at six this morning .
评 this morning/afternoon/evening之前不用介词，the morning/afternoon/evening前要用in。
25 那小女孩拉着母亲的手。
误 The little girl took her mother from/on the hand.
正 The little girl took her mother by the hand.
评 拉着／抓住／握住用take/seize/hold/catch...by。
26 这是中国最长的一条河。
误 It is the longest river of China .
正 It is the longest river in China .
评 在含有最高级的句子中，in短语表示“在某范围内”。
27 你如果喜欢这支钢笔，就送给你。
误 If you like the pen, you can have it of your own.
正 If you like the pen, you can have it for your own.
评 for one's own中的for表示目的。of one's own则表示“某人自己的”。
28 他的事业会成功的。
误 He will succeed with/on his business.
正 He will succeed in his business.
评 “在……成功，做……成功”要用succeed/success in。
29 他大约在8点钟离开家的。
误 He left home about at eight o'clock.
正 He left home at about eight o'clock.
评 “大约在几点钟”要用“at about+钟点”。
30 听到这个消息我非常吃惊。
误 I am much surprised for/with the news.
正 I am much surprised at the news.
评 be surprised at表示“对……吃惊（惊讶）”，为习惯搭配。
31 星期一上午我们将有两节英语课。
误 We'll have two English classes in Monday morning .
正 We'll have two English classes on Monday morning .
评 表示“星期几／某个日期的上午、下午、晚上要用介词on。
32 她花了100元钱买书。
误 She spent 100 yuan for/in books.
正 She spent 100 yuan on books.
评 “花时间／钱”要用on sth.，“花时间做某事”，要用in doing sth.。
33 他把门上的钥匙丢了。
误 He lost the key of the door.
正 He lost the key to the door.
34 他以每小时150公里的速度开车。
误 He drove with a speed of 150 kilometres an hour.
正 He drove at a speed of 150 kilometres an hour.
评 at a speed of表示“以……速度”，为习惯搭配。
35 会议将从9点钟开始。
误 The meeting will begin from nine o'clock.
正 The meeting will begin at nine o'clock.
评 表示“从某个时刻开始”要用begin at。
36 他向敌人射击。
误 He shot to the enemy.
正 He shot at the enemy.
评 at表方向，“向／对……”。
37 他躲藏在门后。
误 He hid himself after the door.
正 He hid himself behind the door.
评 after用于指动态的、次序的先后。behind用于指位置的后面，表示静态。
38 我对未来抱有信心。
误 I am confident in/with the future.
正 I am confident of the future.
评 be/feel confident of表示“对……确信”，为习惯搭配。
39 老师走进了教室。
误 The teacher walked in the classroom.
正 The teacher walked into the classroom.
评 in表“在内，在……里面”，指一种状态。into表示动态，指动作的方向。
40 我信任她。
误 I have confidence to/for/with her.
正 I have confidence in her.
评 have confidence in表示“信任”，为习惯搭配。
41 新鲜空气对健康有益。
误 Fresh air is good to our health.
正 Fresh air is good for our health.
评 be good for表示“对……有益”。be good to表示“对……和蔼”。
42 他在地上挖一个坑。
误 He dug a hole on the road.
正 He dug a hole in the road.
评 表示坑和洞在物的内部，均要用in。
43 他上班从不迟到。
误 He is never late to work.
正 He is never late for work.
评 be late for意为“……迟了”，为固定搭配，不可改用to。
44 她每天早晨照镜子。
误 She looks at herself on/at the mirror every morning.
正 She looks at herself in the mirror every morning.
评 “照镜子”要说look at oneself in the mirror，为习惯搭配。
45 请给他捎个口信。
误 Please take a message to him.
正 Please take a message for him.
评 take a message for sb.意为“给某人捎个口信”，for不可改为to。
46 张老师对我们要求很严。
误 Mr. Zhang is very strict on/at us.
正 Mr. Zhang is very strict with us.
评 be strict with sb.表示“对某人要求严”，为习惯搭配。
47 这部车同那部车的颜色不同。
误 This car is different with that car in colour.
正 This car is different from that car in colour.
评 A is different from B表示“A与B不同”，不能用with。
48 我祝贺你们的胜利。
误 I congratulate you for your victory.
正 I congratulate you on your victory.
评 congratulate sb. on/upon sth.表示“祝贺某人……”，为习惯搭配。
49 长江以南种水稻。
误 People grow rice in the south of the Yangtze River.
正 People grow rice to the south of the Yangtze River.
评 in the south/north of表示在某一范围内的南部／北部等。in the south of表在某范围的南部，to the south of表在某范围和领域之外的南部。
50 谢谢你帮助我学习英语。
误 Thank you to help me with my English study.
正 Thank you for helping me with my English study.
评 “谢谢某人做某事”要说thank sb. for doing sth.，而不可说thank sb. to do sth.。
51 我确信他会成功。
误 I am sure for his success.
正 I am sure of his success.
评 be sure/certain of意为“确信，相信”，为习惯搭配。
52 他等了她两个小时。
误 He waited her for two hours.
正 He waited for her for two hours.
评 “等待某人”要用wait for sb.。
53 这里冬天的气温通常在零下20摄氏度。
误 The temperature here is usually 20℃ under zero in winter.
正 The temperature here is usually 20℃ below zero in winter.
评 “在零上多少度”要用above，不用over。“在零下多少度”要用below，不用under。
54 他用20美元买了一部收音机。
误 He bought a radio at twenty dollars.
正 He bought a radio for twenty dollars.
评 购买某物，提到所付出的实际金额，用for。但如果论尺寸或重量讲价，金额后有a meter, a dozen, a jin 等，则要用at。
55 她为一位老大爷补衣服。
误 She mended the clothes to an old man.
正 She mended the clothes for an old man.
评 mend/repair sth. for sb.意为“为某人修理／修补某物”，要用介词for，不用to。
56 我不能用这样的价格买这辆自行车。
误 I can not buy the bike for such a price.
正 I can not buy the bike at such a price.
评 指没有确定、讲妥的价格前，用at。
57 别为她的健康担心。
误 Don't worry her health.
正 Don't worry about her health.
评 “为……担心”要用worry about或be worried about。
58 教室的尽头有一架钢琴。
误 There is a piano in the end of the classroom.
正 There is a piano at the end of the classroom.
59 我将在家一直待到下星期一。
误 I'll stay at home to next Monday.
正 I'll stay at home till next Monday.
评 till/until表示“直到”，用于时间。to用于距离、方向。
60 在去学校的路上，我看见了一只奇怪的鸟。
误 In the way to school I saw a strange bird.
正 On the way to school I saw a strange bird.
评 ①“在去……的路上”要说on the way to。in the/sb.'s way表示“妨碍，挡住去路”。
61 一个小女孩站在我们办公室的门口。
误 A little girl is standing to the door of our office.
正 A little girl is standing at the door of our office.
评 at表示静止状态或位置。to表示从一地到另一地的运动。
62 她朝孩子们微笑着。
误 She smiled the children.
误 She smiled to the children.
正 She smiled at the children.
评 “朝……微笑”要说smile at，at不可省。同样，“嘲笑某人”要说laugh at sb.。
63 我不怀疑他的能力。
误 I have no doubt for his ability.
正 I have no doubt of his ability.
评 have no doubt of/about表示“对……毫不怀疑”，为习惯搭配。
64 她经常帮他学习英语。
误 She often helps him in his English study.
正 She often helps him with his English study.
评 “在某方面帮助别人”用with。“帮助某人做某事”常用help sb. (to) do sth.。
65 这些鸟在朝同一方向飞翔。
误 These birds are flying to the same direction.
正 These birds are flying in the same direction.
评 “在／朝同一方向”要用in the same direction。
66 我将步行去那里，而不乘公共汽车。
误 I'll go there on foot instead by bus.
正 I'll go there on foot instead of by bus.
评 instead of意为“代替，顶替”，后可跟名词、代词、介词短语等。
67 盗贼是从窗户进来的。
误 The thief got in from the window.
正 The thief got in through the window.
评 “从窗户”意为“通过窗户”，要用through，表示“穿窗而过”。
68 他从衣袋里拿出一个钱包。
误 He took a purse out from his pocket.
正 He took a purse out of his pocket.
评 “把某物从……中拿出来”要用take sth. out of。
69 他从下午就有空了。
误 He will be free from the afternoon.
正 He will be free in the afternoon.
评 这里的“从下午”表示“在下午”，要用in。
70 我同意你。
误 I agree you.
正 I agree with you.
评 agree是不及物动词，表示“同意某人／某人的话、安排”，要加with。
71 那猫在玩一只耗子。
误 That cat is playing a mouse.
正 That cat is playing with a mouse.
评 表示“玩弄”要用play with。
72 我为你的成功而感到高兴。
误 I am glad with your success.
正 I am glad of your success.
评 可以说be glad of或be glad about，但glad后不可用with。
73 她听见有人敲窗。
误 She heard someone knocking the window.
正 She heard someone knocking at the window.
评 表示“敲门／窗”要用knock at/on the door/the window。
74 他将离开南京去上海。
误 He is leaving Nanjing to Shanghai.
正 He is leaving Nanjing for Shanghai.
评 表示朝某个地方出发／去常用for，不用to。
75 昨天中午最热。
误 It was the hottest in the noon yesterday.
正 It was the hottest at noon yesterday.
评 “在中午”要说at noon，noon前不可加定冠词the。
76 他上学期数学考试不及格。
误 He failed from maths last term.
正 He failed in maths last term.
评 在某方面“失败，不及格”要用fail in。
77 我已经付了她100元钱。
误 I've paid for her 100 yuan .
正 I've paid her 100 yuan .
评 pay是及物动词，后直接跟某人，再接钱款。不能直接跟所买物品，要在前加for。
78 他嫉妒你的成功。
误 He is jealous for your success.
正 He is jealous of your success.
评 “对……嫉妒”要说be jealous of，为习惯搭配。
79 医生们正在为一位病人动手术。
误 The doctors are operating a sick man.
正 The doctors are operating on a sick man.
评 “为……动手术”要用operate on/upon sb.。
80 他们以大米为主食。
误 They live with/from rice.
正 They live on rice.
评 live on/upon表示“靠……生活，以……为食”，为习惯搭配。
81 瓶子里盛满了水。
误 The bottle is full with water.
正 The bottle is full of water.
正 The bottle is filled with water.
评 表示“充满，盛满，挤满”可用be full of或be filled with。
82 我以我的祖国自豪。
误 I am proud for my motherland.
正 I am proud of my motherland.
评 “对……感到自豪”应说be proud of，为习惯搭配。
83 他们俩面面相觑。
误 They are looking each other.
正 They are looking at each other.
评 each other是相互代词，通常作宾语，不可作状语。
84 我对结果感到满意。
误 I am satisfied for/to the result.
正 I am satisfied with the result.
评 表示“对……感到满意”用be satisfied with，为习惯搭配。
85 请在字典里查这个词。
误 Please look for the word in the dictionary.
误 Please find the word in the dictionary.
正 Please look up the word in the dictionary.
评 “查寻”某词或资料，要用look up，look for“寻找（人或物），find“找到”。
86 他的衬衫同我的很相似。
误 His shirt is quite similar with mine.
正 His shirt is quite similar to mine.
评 similar to表示“与……相似”，为习惯搭配。
87 我错把他当成日本人了。
误 I mistook him as a Japanese.
正 I mistook him for a Japanese.
评 mistake A for B意为“把A错认为B”，为习惯表达法，for不可改用as。
88 他能游过那条河。
误 He can swim cross the river.
正 He can swim across the river.
评 cross意为“穿过”，动词。across是介词，同go, walk, swim, run等连用。
89 我喜欢这幅画胜过那幅画。
误 I prefer this picture over that picture.
正 I prefer this picture to that picture.
评 prefer...to表示“喜欢……胜过……”，为习惯搭配。
90 有一条穿过森林的小路。
误 There is a pass across the forest.
正 There is a path through the forest.
评 ①across指从某个平面上从一边到另一边。②through指从物体中间穿过。
91 那人因犯罪而受到了惩罚。
误 The man was punished with his crime.
正 The man was punished for his crime.
评 punish sb. for表示“因……惩罚某人”，为习惯搭配。
92 河上的那座桥是去年建成的。
误 The bridge on the river was built last year.
正 The bridge over/across the river was built last year.
评 over或across，表示“横跨”。on表平面上接触。
93 他用橘子款待朋友。
误 He treated his friends with oranges.
正 He treated his friends to oranges.
评 treat sb. to sth.表示“以某物款待某人”，为习惯搭配。
94 他指着那幅画。
误 He pointed the picture.
正 He pointed at/to the picture.
评 point作动词表示“指向，指着”时，为不及物动词，要同at/to连用。
95 老师讲关于良好习惯的问题。
误 The teacher spoke for good habits.
正 The teacher spoke about good habits.
评 speak about意为“讲到，说起”。speak for意为“为……说话／辩护”。
96 多亏猎人的帮助，他走出了森林。
误 Thanks for the hunter's help, he walked out of the forest.
正 Thanks to the hunter's help, he walked out of the forest.
评 thanks to“多亏，由于”，thanks for“感谢”。
97 我妈从上周五以来一直忙着。
误 My mother has been busy from last Friday.
正 My mother has been busy since last Friday.
评 since用在表示具体时间的词和短语前。from后面也跟表示具体时间的词，但常用于from...to或from...till结构。
98 他把马拴在树上。
误 He tied the horse on a tree.
正 He tied the horse to a tree.
评 表示“把……拴／系／捆／在上”要用tie...to，为习惯搭配。
99 他们昨天进行了一场英语考试。
误 They had an examination of English yesterday.
正 They had an examination in English yesterday.
评 examination表“某学科的考试”，后用介词in；表对某物的“检查，审查”，后用of。
100 在吉姆的帮助下，杰克按时完成了那项工作。
误 Under Jim's help , Jack finished the work on time.
正 With Jim's help , Jack finished the work on time.
评 “在……帮助下”要说with sb.'s help或with the help of sb.。
101 汤姆在理发店。
误 Tom is in the barber's.
正 Tom is at the barber's.
评 表示“在某人家，在某个地点”用at。
102 他因公去了南京。
误 He has gone to Nanjing for business.
正 He has gone to Nanjing on business.
评 表示“因公出差，因商务出差”，要用on business。
103 他一直跑到大街的尽头。
误 He ran till/until the end of the street.
正 He ran to the end of the street.
评 till和until表示“直到”，常用于指时间，不指距离。
104 他终于走出了森林。
误 He walked out of the forest at the end .
正 He walked out of the forest in the end .
105 山脚下有一个农场。
误 There is a farm under the foot of the hill.
正 There is a farm at the foot of the hill.
评 at the foot of...表示“在……脚下”，为固定搭配，不可用under。
106 人们通常简称他Andy。
误 People usually call him Andy of short.
正 People usually call him Andy for short.
评 for short意为“简称”，为习惯说法。
107 那男孩扔了一块石头打狗。
误 The boy threw a stone to the dog.
正 The boy threw a stone at the dog.
评 “扔／掷某物打……”用at，“把某物扔给……”用to。
108 今天的报纸上有一条重要新闻。
误 There is a piece of important news on today's newspaper.
正 There is a piece of important news in today's newspaper.
评 印在报纸上的内容，用in。表示“在报纸上面”，用on。
109 她坐在她母亲身边。
误 She sat besides her mother.
正 She sat beside her mother.
评 beside表示“在……旁”。besides表示“除外……（还有）”。
110 她学习英语已经3年了。
误 She has studied English since three years.
正 She has studied English for three years.
评 since同表示过去某一时间点的词或词组连用。for同表示一段时间的词或词组连用。
111 他将在2小时后到达。
误 He will arrive after two hours.
正 He will arrive in two hours.
评 in后接一段时间。after后接一个时间点。
112 黄河是中国第二条最长的河。
误 Huanghe River is the second longest river in China.
正 The Huanghe River is the second longest river in China.
评 表示河流、山脉的专有名词前常用定冠词。
113 午饭后我们去游泳吧！
误 Let's go for swim after lunch!
正 Let's go for a swim after lunch!
评 go for a swim（去游泳）为惯用短语，不定冠词a不可省。
114 这些鸟冬天往南飞。
误 These birds fly south in the winter .
正 These birds fly south in winter .
评 spring, summer, autumn, winter单纯表示季节时，不加定冠词。
115 他们努力按时完成工作。
误 They made effort to finish the work on time.
正 They made an effort to finish the work on time.
正 They made efforts to finish the work on time.
评 make an effort和make efforts均表示“努力”，但不可漏缺或误用。
116 他生病住院了整整1个月。
误 He was in the hospital for a whole month.
正 He was in hospital for a whole month.
评 in hospital表示“（生病）住院”，go to hospital表示“（生病）入院”。in the hospital表示“在医院里”，指地点，go to the hospital表示“到那所医院去”，但不一定住院。
117 这只鸟怎么了？
误 What's matter with the bird?
正 What's the matter with the bird?
评 what's the matter with...为常用句型，意为“怎么了，出了什么事”，定冠词the不可省。
118 不要再犯同样的错误。
误 Don't make same mistake again.
正 Don't make the same mistake again.
评 same前一般要加定冠词the，或加this, that, these, those等。
119 士兵们排成一列。
误 The soldiers stood in a line .
正 The soldiers stood in line .
评 in line表示“成一直线，整齐”，不加不定冠词。
120 这是一件有用的工具。
误 It is an useful tool.
正 It is a useful tool.
评 u是元音字母，但读作［ju:］时，前面要用不定冠词a。u发［ʌ］时，前面用an。
121 今天是元旦。
误 Today is the New Year's Day .
正 Today is New Year's Day .
评 节日名称前通常不加定冠词。但中国的“春节”要说the Spring Festival。
122 他常在晚上散散步。
误 He usually takes a walk in evening .
正 He usually takes a walk in the evening .
评 “在晚上”要用in the evening。“在夜里”要用at night，不加the。
123 瞧那月亮！多么明亮啊！
误 Look at moon ! How bright it is!
误 Look at a moon ! How bright it is!
正 Look at the moon ! How bright it is!
评 moon, sun, earth, Milky Way（银河）等表示世界上独一无二的事物，前面通常要加定冠词。
124 他们的房子在右边。
误 Their house is on right .
正 Their house is on the right .
评 right和left等表示方位的习惯说法，定冠词the不可省。right和left也可用作副词，这时前面不加the。
125 他们在聚会上玩得很愉快。
误 They had good time at the party.
正 They had a good time at the party.
评 have a good time意为“玩得愉快，过得好”，为惯用短语，不定冠词a不可省。
126 我从没见过这么高的山。
误 I have never seen a such high mountain.
正 I have never seen such a high mountain.
评 不定冠词a/an要放在修饰名词的such和what后。
127 学生们正在上课。
误 The students are in the class now.
正 The students are in class now.
评 “在上课，在课堂上”要说in class。in the class表示“在班级里”。
128 床上有一些玩具。
误 There are some toys in/on bed .
正 There are some toys in/on the bed .
评 表示“在床上”，要说in/on the bed；表示“卧病在床，躺在床上”要说in bed。
129 有位王先生在外面等你。
误 Mr. Wang is waiting for you outside.
正 A Mr. Wang is waiting for you outside.
评 这里用a表示“某一个”，指不知道王先生是哪一位，只知道姓王。
130 他在一所大学读书。
误 He studies in an university.
正 He studies in a university.
评 u虽然是元音字母，但在university一词中发音为［ju:］，［j］为辅音音素，故用a。
131 这是新学期的第一天。
误 It is first day of the new term.
正 It is the first day of the new term.
评 序数词前一般要加定冠词，但序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，则不用。
132 他们谈了一个小时。
误 They talked for a hour.
正 They talked for an hour.
评 hour读作[aʊə]，为元音音素开头，故用an。
133 老师把课文又读了一遍。
误 The teacher read the text the second time .
正 The teacher read the text a second time .
评 序数词前可加不定冠词a/an，表示“又（一），再（一）”。
134 上个月有一天我看见一只猴子。
误 A day last month I saw a monkey.
正 One day last month I saw a monkey.
评 “某一天，有一天”要用one day。a day表示“一天”的时间。
135 我每天早晨骑自行车上学。
误 I go to school by the bike every morning.
正 I go to school by bike every morning.
正 I go to school on a bike every morning.
评 英语中表示使用某种交通工具的习惯说法是不加冠词的。
136 他给了我一把小刀，这把小刀很锋利。
误 He gave me a knife. A knife is very sharp.
正 He gave me a knife. The knife is very sharp.
评 第一次提到一个人或物用不定冠词a/an，再提到时就要用定冠词the。
137 橘子是橘黄色的。
误 Orange is orange.
正 An orange is orange.
评 a/an可以表示类别，还可用名词的复数形式。
138 我昨晚10点钟睡觉的。
误 I went to the bed at ten last night.
正 I went to bed at ten last night.
评 go to bed意为“睡觉，就寝”，表抽象概念。
139 我只有一支钢笔，不能借给你。
误 I have only a pen. I can't lend it to you.
正 I have only one pen. I can't lend it to you.
评 数词one强调数量，而不定冠词a/an强调类别。
140 他们通常下午打篮球。
误 They usually play the basketball in the afternoon.
正 They usually play basketball in the afternoon.
评 表示球类运动的名词前不用定冠词。
141 那是琳达的书包。
误 That's the Linda's school-bag.
正 That's Linda's school-bag.
评 英语中的专有名词前一般不可再加冠词。
142 她在南方的一座小城里上学。
误 She is at the school in a small town in the south.
正 She is at school in a small town in the south.
评 at school意为“在上学”，强调在校学习，为固定短语，不可加the。
143 这两位老人有时候下棋。
误 The two old men sometimes play the chess .
正 The two old men sometimes play chess .
评 游戏名词前一般不加冠词。
144 吉姆有一本图画书，但杰克有两本图画书。
误 Jim has a picture book, but Jack has two.
正 Jim has one picture book, but Jack has two.
评 不定冠词a，an和one均可表示“一个”，两者有时可换用，但如果是表示数量的对比，则只能用one。
145 墙上有块黑板。
误 There is the blackboard on the wall.
正 There is a blackboard on the wall.
评 表示泛指的单数名词前要加不定冠词a/an。
146 他是个诚实的人。
误 He is a honest man.
正 He is an honest man.
评 a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前；an用在以元音音素开头的名词前。
honest虽以h开头，但h不发音，读为[′ɒnIst]，故是元音音素[ɒ]开头，要用an。
147 有些学生考试不及格。
误 Some of students failed in the exam.
正 Some of the students failed in the exam.
评 some of/all of/each of/both of/one of+the+复数名词／代词，为常用表达法，指特定的范围，有时the也可换成these或those。
148 那是什么？那是鸟。
误 What's that? That's bird .
正 What's that? That's a bird .
评 英语中的单数名词，表示泛指前面要用不定冠词a/an修饰。
149 他在那儿等了半个小时。
误 He waited there for half hour .
正 He waited there for half an hour .
评 “half a/an+名词”表示“一半……”，为固定搭配。
150 她父亲在美国工作。
误 Her father works in the America .
误 Her father works in USA .
正 Her father works in America .
正 Her father works in the USA .
评 表示国名的专有名词前不加定冠词；但由普通名词构成的专有名词，则要加定冠词。
