演讲MP3+双语文稿:这项新技术让你通过触摸即可导航

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听力课堂TED音频栏目主要包括TED演讲的音频MP3及中英双语文稿，供各位英语爱好者学习使用。本文主要内容为演讲MP3+双语文稿:这项新技术让你通过触摸即可导航，希望你会喜欢！

【演讲者及介绍】Keith Kirkland

基思·柯克兰（Keith Kirkland）是WearWorks的联合创始人，这家公司的产品和体验都是通过触摸来传达信息。

【演讲主题】可穿戴技术，帮助你通过触摸导航

【中英文字幕】

翻译者 Thomas Tam 校对者 Homer Li

0:13

Do you remember your first kiss? Or thattime you burned the roof of your mouth on a hot slice of pizza? What aboutplaying tag or duck, duck, goose as a child? These are all instances where we'reusing touch to understand something. And it's the basis of haptic design.

你犹记当年的初吻吗？或那次刚出炉的热披萨，烫伤了你嘴巴的事吗? 小时候玩“贴膏药”或“鸭、鸭或鹅”感觉怎么样？这些都是用触摸来理解某些东西的例子。是建立触觉设计的基础。

00:30

"Haptic" means of or relating tothe sense of touch. And we've all been using that our entire lives. I waswong on my computer when my friend, seeing me hunched over typing, walkedover behind me. She put her left thumb into the left side of my lower back,while reaching her right index finger around to the front of my right shoulder.Instinctively, I sat up straight. In one quick and gentle gesture, she hadcommunicated how to improve my posture. The paper I was wong on at that verymoment centered around developing new ways to teach movement using technology.I wanted to create a suit that could teach a person kung fu.

“触感”是与触觉有关。每天我们都在使用。当我的朋友注意到我在电脑前工作时，驼着背打字，就走到我身后。她把左手大拇指放在我下背部的左边，又把她的右手食指伸到我右肩的前面。我就本能地坐直了。一个快速而温和的手势，她就促使我改善自己的姿势。当时我正在写的一篇论文是论述利用新技术来导引运动。我想制造能教人功夫的套装。

01:06

（Laughter）

（笑声）

01:08

But I had no idea how to communicatemovement without an instructor being in the room. And in that moment, it becamecrystal clear: touch. If I had vibrating motors where she had placed each ofher fingers, paired with motion-capture data of my current and optimal posture,I could simulate the entire experience without an instructor needing to be inthe room. But there was still one important part of the puzzle that wasmissing. If I want you to raise your wrist two inches off of your lap, usingvibration, how do I tell you to do that? Do I put a motor at the top of yourwrist, so you know to lift up? Or do I put one at the bottom of your wrist, soit feels like you're being pushed up? There were no readily available answersbecause there was no commonly agreed-upon haptic language to communicateinformation with.

但我的疑问在于怎样指导运动，当没有老师在场的时候。那一刻，我突然找到了答案：触摸。如果将振动马达放在她每只手指的位置上，配对当前捕捉到的动作与最佳姿势动作的数据差别，我就可以模拟整个没有教练在旁的环境。但还有一个重要的疑难。如果使用振动器要把你的手腕从膝盖抬高两英寸时，我又怎能驱使你这么做？就放一个马达在你的手腕上，能让你知道要抬起手吗？或放在你手腕底部，感觉像是被人推起来？这个没有现成技术可供参考，因为没有公认的触觉语言与…交流信息。

01:54

So my cofounders and I set out to createthat language. And the first device we built was not a kung fu suit.

所以我和共同创始人开始创造这种新语言。我们制造的第一件设备并不是功夫套装。

02:01

（Laughter）

（笑声）

02:03

But in a way, it was even more impressivebecause of its simplicity and usefulness. We started with the use case ofnavigation, which is a simplified form of movement. We then created Wayband, awrist-wearable device that could orient a user toward a destination, usingvibrating cues. We would ask people to spin around and to stop in a way thatthey felt was the right way to go. Informally, we tried this with hundreds ofpeople, and most could figure it out within about 15 seconds. It was thatintuitive.

但在某种程度上，它更令人印象深刻，因为它简单而实用。首先从导航事例开始，是一种简化的运动形式。然后我们创造了“引路手带”，一种腕部穿戴设备，可引领用户到达目的地，用振动提示作导航。我们会让人们转到他们认为正确的方向停下来。我们非正式给数百人试验过了，大多数人可以在 15 秒内找到正确方向。就是依据直觉。

02:37

Initially, we were just trying to getpeople out of their phones and back into the real world. But the more we experimented,the more we realized that those who stood to benefit most from our work werepeople who had little or no sight. When we first approached a blindorganization, they told us, "Don't build a blind device. Build a devicethat everyone can use but that's optimized for the blind experience." Wecreated our company WearWorks with three guiding principles: make cool stuff,create the greatest impact we can in our lifetimes and reimagine an entireworld designed for touch.

起初，我们只想让人们从沉醉于手机中回到现实世界。但我们做越多的试验，发觉最受益的人，是盲人或视力受障碍人士。当首次接触盲人组织时，他们告诉我们，“不要设计盲人专用的设备，设计一个所有人都可用的设备但可优化盲人的生活。”我们用三个指导原则创建了一家公司 “佩戴工艺”：是做些很酷的东西，用尽全力，创造最大的影响力，重新构想以触摸为旨的世界。

03:16

And on November 5, 2017, Wayband helped aperson who was blind run the first 15 miles of the New York City Marathonwithout any sighted assistance.

2017年11月5日，佩戴工艺协助了一位盲人在没有领跑员的帮助下，跑完纽约市马拉松的前15英里。（掌声）

03:27

（Applause）

（掌声）

03:36

It didn't get him through the entire racedue to the heavy rain, but that didn't matter.

不巧的是由于大雨，他未能跑毕全程，但这点并不重要。

03:40

（Laughter）

（笑声）

03:41

We had proved the point: that it waspossible to navigate a complex route using only touch.

我们已经证明了: 在复杂的路线上，靠着触感也可以被导航。

03:46

So, why touch? The skin has an innatesensitivity akin to the eyes' ability to recognize millions of colors or theears' ability to recognize complex pitch and tone. Yet, as a communicationschannel, it's been largely relegated to Morse code-like cell phonenotifications. If you were to suddenly receive a kiss or a punch, your reactionwould be instinctive and immediate. Meanwhile, your brain would be playingcatch-up on the back end to understand the details of what just occurred. Andcompared to instincts, conscious thought is pretty slow. But it's a lightningbolt compared to the snail's pace of language acquisition. I spent aconsiderable amount of time learning Spanish, Japanese, German and currentlySwedish, with varying degrees of failure.

那么，为何是触感呢？因为皮肤天生敏感，类似于眼睛有识别数百万种颜色的能力，或者耳朵识别复杂音调和音色的能力。然而，作为沟通渠道，它被归入摩尔斯电码，比如手机通知之类。如果你突然被吻或被打一拳，你的反应会是本能而直接的。同时，你的大脑会从后追赶。想了解刚发生事情的细节。与直觉相比，有意识的思考是相当缓慢的。像一瞬间的闪电，与语言沟通的速度相比。我花了很多的时间学习西班牙语、日语、德语和目前的瑞典语，有不同程度的失败。

04:32

（Laughter）

（笑声）

04:36

But within those failures were kernels ofhow different languages are organized. That gave our team insight into how touse the linguistic order of well-established languages as inspiration for anentirely new haptic language, one based purely on touch. It also showed us whenusing language mechanics wasn't the best way to deliver information. In thesame way a smile is a smile across every culture, what if there was someunderlying mechanism of touch that transcended linguistic and culturalboundaries? A universal language, of sorts.

我失败的核心在于这些语言有不同的组织方式。使我们的团队得到启示，如何运用语序引领我们发展一种全新触觉语言，纯粹基于触摸。

05:09

You see, I could give you buzz-buzz-buzz,buzz-buzz, and you would eventually learn that that particular vibration means"stop." But as haptic designers, we challenged ourselves. What wouldit be like to design "stop?" Well, based on context, most of us havethe experience of being in a vehicle and having that vehicle stop suddenly,along with our body's reaction to it. So if I wanted you to stop, I could sendyou a vibration pattern, sure. Or, I could design a haptic experience that justmade stopping feel like it was the right thing to do. And that takes more thanan arbitrary assignment of haptic cues to meanings. It takes a deep empathy. Italso takes the ability to distill human experience into meaningful insights andthen into haptic gestures and products.

还有利用语言运用的方式不是信息传递的最好方法。微笑是不分文化的。如果有某种潜在的接触机制能超越了语言和文化的界限？某种通用语言。可以给你二短一长，二短的振动，由此你最终会学到那种特殊振动意味着“停止”。身为触觉设计师，我们自我挑战如何来设计 “停止” 的讯号？ 举个例子，大多数人在车上都经历过，那辆车突然停下来，我们的身体会接着作出反应。若果我要你停下来，可以给你发一张振动图。或者可以设计一种触觉体验，让人知道做出正确的停止动作。不能只发出任意的触觉讯号，讯号要引发强烈的共鸣。那么还需要从人类的经验中提炼出有意义的洞察力产生出以触觉为主的手势和产品。

05:59

Haptic design is going to expand the humanability to sense and respond to our environments, both physical and virtual.There's a new frontier: touch. And it has the power to change how we all seethe world around us.

触觉的设计将扩展我们人类 感知和应对环境的能力，在实际和虚拟环境中。我们在构建一个新的领域：触觉。驱动我们对周围环境有新的看法。

06:14

Thank you.

谢谢您。

06:15

（Applause）

（掌声）