演讲MP3+双语文稿:美国两党制的形成与发展

听力课堂TED音频栏目主要包括TED演讲的音频MP3及中英双语文稿，供各位英语爱好者学习使用。本文主要内容为演讲MP3+双语文稿:美国两党制的形成与发展，希望你会喜欢！

【演讲者及介绍】Bob lnglis

美国国会议员能源乐观主义者、政治家Bob lnglis 促进企业应对气候变化的自由行动

【演讲主题】美国两党制的形成与发展

【演讲文稿-中英文】

翻译者 Chen Zou

校对人员 Xiaorong YUAN

00:13

Imagine that you're a member of Congress. You've worked very hard. You've knocked on thousands of doors, sweating and shivering, depending on the season. You've made hundreds, maybe thousands of phone calls to people you don't even know asking for their support, begging for their money. And now you've got one of these. It's hanging on a door in Washington, DC. It says you're a member of Congress, that you represent the people of your state.

想象你是国会的一员， 你工作很努力， 你叩响上千家的门， 冒着冬日的严寒，夏日的酷暑， 你打了上百个， 也许上千个电话 给那些你从未谋面的人， 向他们索求赞助支持， 乞求他们的资助。 然后你得到了这个—— 它被挂在华盛顿 哥伦比亚特区的一扇门上。 它证明你是一个国会议员， 你代表着你所在州的人民。

00:47

Now, imagine you're a conservative member of Congress. For some of you here in Boston, Massachusetts, that's going to take a powerful imagination, all right?

现在，想象你是一名国会保守派议员， 对于你们在波士顿 马赛诸州的一些人来说， 那需要很强大 的想象力才行，好吧？

00:58

（Laughter）

（笑声）

01:00

But imagine with me that you're a conservative member of Congress. You grew up on Milton Friedman. You love his free markets, free enterprise and free trade. You've watched Ronald Reagan's farewell address over and over, and you cry every time --

但是和我一起想象一下， 你是一名国会保守派议员， 你是在米尔顿·弗里德曼 的影响下长大的一代。 你热衷于他的自由市场， 自由企业和自由贸易学说。 你一遍又一遍观看了 罗纳德·里根的离职演讲， 每次你都会流泪-——

01:21

（Laughter）

（笑声）

01:22

he gets to the part about the shining city on the hill, and how if the city had to have walls, the walls had doors -- doors to let in those yearning to breathe free. You get goosebumps when you think of him telling Mr. Gorbachev to tear down his wall.

每当他提到山上那座闪亮的城市， 以及如果那城市必须有墙， 那墙有门的话—— 这些门会向渴望自由呼吸的人敞开。 当你想到他让戈尔巴乔夫 去拆掉他的墙的时候， 你会浑身起鸡皮疙瘩。

01:44

You're a conservative member of Congress, and you agree with President John F. Kennedy that America is an exceptional place. For inspiration, you go to and you watch his speech at Rice University, September of 1962, the "moon shot" speech. And you're amazed that he admits in that speech -- a speech of 17 minutes of pure American exceptionalism -- that some of the materials needed for the spacecraft hadn't been invented yet. No matter. We're going to the Moon before the decade is out. You agree with him that the vows of this nation can be fulfilled only if we in this nation are first and therefore we intend to be first. You've taken as your own the affect that he so embodied: that when leaders are optimistic, they're saying they believe in the people they represent.

你是一名国会保守派议员。 你同意约翰·肯尼迪总统的观点， 美国是一个出众的地方。 为了得到一些激励， 你去 观看了 他 1962 年 9 月 在莱斯大学的演讲， 那场“登月”的演讲。 你很惊讶他在演讲中—— 一场 17 分钟的关于 纯粹的美国例外主义的演讲中-—— 承认建造航天器所需的一些材料 还没有被发明出来。 但无论如何， 我们要在这个十年结束 之前登上月球。 你跟他一样认同， 只有我们国家处于全球领先的情况下， 国家的誓言才能够被实现， 于是我们立志成为第一。 你把他所表现出来的感情 当成了自己的感情： 当领导者表现得乐观的时候， 他们说他们相信 他们所代表的人民。

02:51

You're a conservative member of Congress, and you believe in the precautionary principle. You believe in data-driven analysis. You know that climate change is real and human-caused, and you see in climate change a silent and slow-moving Sputnik moment. One that calls for the greatness of your nation as much as the original Sputnik moment.

你是一名国会保守派议员， 你相信预防的原理。 你相信数据驱动的分析。 你很清楚气候变化是真实的， 而且是人为导致的， 你把气候变化 视为一个沉默的，缓慢移动的 史普尼克号的时刻。 这个时刻需要你国家的伟大， 就和原本的史普尼克号时刻一样。

03:21

You are a conservative member of Congress. You high-five the memory of Jack Kemp, and believe with him that the test of conservatism is that it works for everyone, regardless of skin color. You're appalled by the alt-right. You want them to have nothing to do with your brand, your party, your legacy. You utterly reject them. You --

你是一名国会保守派议员， 你欢庆杰克·肯普的记忆， 和他一起相信 对保守主义的测试 对任何人都可行， 无论肤色。 你被非主流右派震惊。 你不想他们和你的品牌， 你的党派，你的遗产有任何关联。 你彻底地拒绝它们。 你——

03:52

（Applause）

（掌声）

03:57

You're a conservative member of Congress. You rise with compassion to protect the lives of the unborn, but otherwise you think the bedroom of consenting adults is a rather strange place for the government to be.

你是一名国会保守派议员， 你在同情的驱使下 保护未出生的生命， 但除此之外， 你会认为对于政府来说， 成年人的卧室 是一个相当奇怪的地方。

04:10

You are a conservative member of Congress. With John Adams, you fear the mob. Because you know, as he knew, that a mob is not able to protect liberty, not even its own. And you're amazed at the wisdom that he and other framers had in establishing a slow, deliberative governing process -- an inherently conservative governing process. It would serve a country. It would grow far greater than they could ever imagine.

你是一名国会保守派议员， 和约翰·亚当斯一样 害怕暴民， 因为你知道，就像他知道的那样， 暴民不能够保护自由， 甚至不能保护它自己的自由。 你对于他以及其他规划政策的人 在建立一个缓慢的， 协商的政务流程—— 一个内在保守的政务流程方面 所拥有的智慧感到惊叹。 它将为国家服务， 也将会比他们想象的强大得多。

04:45

You are a conservative member of Congress. You fear the fire of populist nationalism, because you know that those who play with fire can't control it. You see their pitchforks and torches, and you know they're not good building tools. The pitchforks and torches can tear down and burn up but they can't build up. They can't build up the institutions and the communities so necessary to a stable and prosperous country.

你是一名国会保守派议员， 你害怕民粹主义的烈火， 因为你知道 那些玩火的人 不能够控制它。 你看到了他们的锄刀和火炬， 你知道它们不是 很好的建筑工具。 锄刀和火炬可以拆除， 烧掉建筑，但它们不能建造建筑。 它们不能够建造机构和社区， 而这些对于一个稳定和 繁荣的国家来说是多么必要。

05:23

You're a conservative member of Congress, and you fear the next county party convention. You so wish for your party to be the grand opportunity party, not the grumpy old party.

你是一名国会保守派议员， 你害怕下一个区党派大会。 你多么希望你的党派 成为充满机会的党派， 不是性情暴戾的老党派。

05:39

（Laughter）

（笑声）

05:41

You know that they want to hear from you some old saw about how a secret Muslim, non-American socialist took over in the White House and destroyed the country, and you know that none of that's true.

你知道他们想要 从你那里听到一些老旧的看法， 关于一个秘密的穆斯林，非美国的 社会主义者如何接管白宫， 然后毁灭掉这个国家， 你知道所有这一切都不是真的。

05:54

（Applause）

（掌声）

06:00

You know that they want to hear you say that you're OK with insults, OK with "lock her up" chants and OK with policy pronouncements with all the sincerity and thoughtfulness that 140 characters can muster.

你知道他们想要听到你说 你对于侮辱没有异议， 你对于“把她关起来”的高唱没有异议， 你对用 140个 字符（此处代指推特） 所能集合的所有 真诚和深思熟虑 来发表政策声明没有异议。

06:19

You are a conservative member of Congress. You realize that many in your party look to some good old days that you know never existed. They hold on, for example, to the fossils that fueled the last century of growth, but you know that better, cleaner more abundant fuels await us, and you know that that abundance can lead the world to more energy, more mobility and more freedom.

你是一名国会保守派议员， 你意识到你党派中的许多人 怀念过去的旧时光， 你知道它们从没有存在过。 他们坚持，比如说， 化石燃料驱动了 上一个世纪的增长， 但是你知道更好，更清洁， 更丰富的燃料在等待着我们。 而且你知道那种丰富的储备 可以为世界带来更多的能量， 更多的移动性， 更多的自由。

06:52

You're a conservative member of Congress. You realize that many in your party pine for the '50s and the '60s because those were, after all, the good old days. But you know that the Cuyahoga River was on fire back then. You know that in Pittsburgh, street lights came on at noon because of the soot in the air. The schools were segregated, neighborhoods redlined, that communism threatened freedom, and if you got cancer, you weren't likely to fight for long.

你是一名国会保守派议员， 你意识到你党派中的许多人 对上世纪五六十年代念念不忘， 因为毕竟，那才是过去的好时光。 但是你知道凯霍加河的河面在那个时候 （因工厂石油污染排放）经常着火， 你知道在匹兹堡， 因为空气中弥漫着煤灰， 街灯不得不在中午的时候亮起。 学校是种族隔离的， 街区被不公平地划分， 共产主义威胁着自由， 如果你患有癌症，多半只能等死。

07:26

You're a conservative member of Congress and you want to sound like JFK at Rice, where JFK said, "It's understandable why some would have us stay where we are a little bit longer, to wait and to rest." But everything within you says with him, this city of Houston, this state of Texas, this country of the United States was not built by those who waited and rested and wished to look behind them. You are ready to lead. You are ready to prove the power of free enterprise to solve challenges like climate change. You are ready to lead.

你是一名国会保守派议员， 你想要听起来像肯尼迪总统 在莱斯大学 提到的那样，“可以理解 为什么有些人想要我们持续 呆在原地， 去等待，去休息。” 但是你内心的声音也在和他一起说， 休斯顿这座城市， 得克萨斯这个州， 美利坚合众国这个国家并不是 由那些等待着的，休息着的， 不断回首往昔的人所修建的。 你准备好了去领导。 你准备好了去证明 自由企业的力量 能够面对气候改变 这样的挑战。 你准备好了去领导。

08:14

So I've got a suggestion for you then: lead ... now. Step out, step up. You know, we ask America's best to die on literal hills in places like Iraq and Afghanistan. Is it too much to ask you to die a figurative death on a political hill in Washington, DC? You know, at the end of your time in Washington, they're going to take this plaque off the door. They're going to hand it to you; you're going to go home with it. Can you imagine the emptiness of knowing that you stood for nothing, that you risk nothing, that all you did was follow fearful people to where they were already going rather than trying to lead them to a better place? If you're not willing to lose your seat in Congress, there's really very little reason to be there.

那么，我有一点建议给你们： 去领导—— 就现在。 站出来， 站起来。 我们要求美国最好的士兵 战死在伊拉克和阿富汗 的荒山野岭。 但要求你象征性地 死在华盛顿特区的政治小山上， 是太过分了吗？ 你在特区任期即将结束的时候， 他们会将这个牌匾从门上拿下， 递交给你， 你将带着它回家。 你能够想象，当你意识到 你没有为任何事挺身而出， 没有承担任何风险， 你所做的只是跟在一群充满恐惧 的人们身后，朝着人流的方向前进， 而没有试图领导他们走向 一个更好的未来的那种空虚吗？ 如果你不愿意失去 你在国会中的位置， 那你身为议员就真的 没有任何意义了。

09:19

（Applause）

（掌声）

09:29

So here's the thing: it's not too late. There's still time to lead. Speak out, speak up, call lunacy what it is: lunacy. Tell the American people that we still have moon shots in us. Tell the folks at the county party convention, "You bet free enterprise can solve climate change." Tell them that Milton Friedman would say to tax pollution rather than profits. Tell them that it's OK -- no, it's a good thing that progressives would agree. Tell them the very good news that we can bring America together to solve these challenges and to lead the world. Tell them that free enterprise can do these things. Tell them that America must stop the dividing, and must start the uniting. Tell them. Play your part before it's too late.

那么我要说的是： 亡羊补牢，为时未晚。 我们仍然还有时间去领导。 说出来， 发出你的声音， 叫出“疯狂”的真实意义： 疯狂。 告诉美国人， 我们仍然还有“登月”的任务。 告诉在区党派大会上的人们， “要相信自由企业可以应对气候变化。” 告诉他们，米尔顿·弗里德曼 会建议对污染征税， 而不是对利润征税。 告诉他们没关系—— 不，进步人士会同意 这是件好事。 告诉他们这个好消息， 我们可以让全美人民团结起来 去解决挑战，去领导世界。 告诉他们，自由企业可以做到。 告诉他们美国必须停止分裂， 必须开始联合。 告诉他们， 在一切都太迟之前， 勇敢地担负起你的责任。

10:41

（Applause）

（掌声）

10:42

Thank you very much.

（非常感谢。 ）

10:44

（Applause）

（掌声）