LECTURE 1 基本动词 BREAK 1
LECTURE 1 基本动词 BREAK 1
词组讲解
1. Break a leg! * 祝演出成功；祝好运
解 俚语；词义溯源：行屈膝礼；Good luck的俚语表达方式，主要用于祝福即将登台的演员演出成功，可以联想一下，当演出圆满结束时，观众对演员报以热烈的掌声，演员行屈膝礼谢幕
例 Before I left the house last night, my brother, Song Yi, told me to “break a leg” at the auditions. I was surprised. I really thought he had no interest in how well I did in ballet. His rare encouragement really lifted my confidence.
2. break down ***（机器、汽车等）出故障，抛锚；（反抗、交涉、计划等）失败；（健康、精神等）垮掉
解 短语动词；词义溯源：因［停顿、摔倒、衰弱（down）］而破碎
例 It's a good idea to always keep a blanket, extra water and some kind of expedient food and snacks in the trunk of your car. If your car breaks down on one of these lonely roads, it could be hours before another car passes.
3. break even **打成平手；得失相当；不盈不亏
解 习语；词义溯源：成为［同样的、对等的、均衡的（even）］状态
例 As long as we can continue to only break even, there's no way we can give anybody in the company a pay raise. I know you worked very hard to keep us from losing money last year, but I'm certainly not happy with making no profit either. Make us a profit and then we can talk about pay raises.
4. break ground for sth. / break ground **动工；开垦；开始（新的事业）
解 习语；词义溯源：［为（for）］某事而破［土（ground）］
例 Ithink construction of the shopping mall project in Subang Jaya started last month. I'm pretty sure I saw something in the daily newspaper when I was in Kuala Lumpur that said they had broken ground for it. There was a picture of a ground-breaking ceremony on the front page.
5. break in on sb. or sth. / break in ***突然闯入；插话
解 短语动词；词义溯源：［朝着（on）］某人或某物闯［入（in）］
例 I'll never forget the night the President was killed. I was watching a TV program when an announcer broke in and relayed the shocking news. I sat there for hours watching the story unfold.
巩固练习
(A) “break a leg”
(B) broke down
(C) break even
(D) break ground
(E) break in on
1. A: Wu Jin took the subway this morning, so I guess that means his car is not operating once again. B: You guessed right. He told me it ______ on the way home from work last night.
2. A: Our goal is only to ______. No profit, no loss. B: But, what will you do if your income does not equal your expenses in the end? A: Like I said, we want to have no surplus and no deficit. But if we do end up with one, we'll decide what to do at that time.
3. A: When will construction start on the gymnasium? B: You mean the sports complex? Unless we have unexpected delays, we plan to ______ on it sometime this fall.
4. A: Sorry to ______ your meeting gentlemen, but Mr. Jiang has an urgent phone call. B: That's alright Ms. Jin, I know you wouldn't interrupt us if it weren't important.
5. A: Did you wish your brother good luck on the exam? B: Yeah, I told him to ______, as he was going out the door.
■ ANSWER
1. (B)
2. (C)
3. (D)
4. (E)
5. (A)
参考译文
I. 1. 昨晚我要从家走时，我哥哥宋毅祝我试演“大获成功”，我感到非常吃惊。我真的以为他对我跳芭蕾舞的事没有什么兴趣。他少有的鼓励让我充满信心。
2. 在汽车后备箱里随时带一条毛毯，额外准备一些饮用水以及方便食品和小吃是个好主意。如果你的汽车在一条人烟稀少的路上抛锚，可能要过好几个小时才能等到其他车辆经过。
3. 如果我们只能维持不盈不亏的状态，那么公司所有的员工都没法加薪。我知道在过去一年里，你们为了使公司不亏损，都工作得非常努力，但是如果不能产生利润，我肯定也不会满意。先给公司创造收益，然后再谈加薪的事。
4. 我想梳邦再也的购物中心项目是上个月开工的。我非常确信我在吉隆坡的时候，从日报上看到它破土动工的消息。报纸头版上有一张破土动工仪式的照片。
5. 我永远不会忘记总统被杀害的那个晚上。当时我正在看电视，突然一位播音员插播了那条令人震惊的消息。我坐在那儿看了几个小时相关的新闻报道。
II. 1. A：今天早上武晋坐了地铁，我猜他的车肯定又出故障了。B：你猜对了。他告诉我昨晚下班回家的路上他的车抛锚了。
2. A：我们的目标仅仅是要保持收支平衡，不赔不赚。B：但是，如果最终你们的收支不平衡怎么办？A：我说过，我们希望不赔不赚。但是如果最终赔了或者赚了，我们会视情况另行决定。
3. A：建体育馆的工程什么时候动工？B：你是说那个体育中心吗？如果不意外推迟的话，我们计划在今年秋天破土动工。
4. A：各位先生，很抱歉打断你们的会议，有一个紧急电话找江先生。B：没关系，金女士，我知道如果没有重要的事情，你是不会打断我们的。
5. A：你有没有祝你弟弟考试取得好成绩？B：有啊，我在他要出门的时候，祝他成功了。
