垃圾食品广告的影响有多大

垃圾食品广告的影响有多大

外酥里嫩的鸡翅薯条、咬下去肉汁四溢的汉堡肉排、抱着膨化食品坐在家里当“沙发土豆”仿佛就拥有了整个世界！这些令人垂涎欲滴的垃圾食品广告魅力到底有多大，让肥胖的人“欲罢不能”、也让政府和健康组织愁容满面。

测试中可能遇到的词汇和知识：

curb 抑制；路边；勒马绳[kɜːb]

long-awaited 被期待已久的['lɔŋə,wetɪd]

exposure 曝光；揭露[ɪk'spəʊʒə; ek-]

draft document 草案

demographic 人口统计学的[,demə'græfɪk]

mandatory 强制的['mændət(ə)rɪ]

successor 继承者[sək'sesə]

parliamentary 国会的；议会制度的

hydrogenated vegetable oils 氢化植物油

cardiovascular 心血管的[,kɑːdɪəʊ'væskjʊlə]

阅读马上开始，建议您计算一下阅读整篇文章所用的时间，对照下方的参考值就可以评估出您的英文阅读水平。

如果您读完全文用时为： 那么，您的阅读速度相当于 每分钟阅读的英文单词数

4分49秒 母语为英语者的朗读速度 140

2分49秒 母语为英语的中学生的阅读速度 250

1分43秒 母语为英语的大学生的阅读速度 350

0分57秒 母语为英语的速读高手 1000

UK wants to ban junk food adverts during prime-time shows（573 words）

By Scheherazade Daneshkhu and Sarah Neville

-----------------------------------------------------

Strict curbs on junk food advertisements during popular British TV shows, such as The X Factor, and measures to limit promotions of unhealthy snacks are likely to be included in a long-awaited government white paper on child obesity.

A draft of the document, seen by the FT, suggests that the government has taken aim at television advertising around Saturday night shows.

These escape the usual restrictions on advertising during children’s programmes because, as family programmes, children are not their sole audience.

The government will “put in place additional targeted and proportionate measures to further reduce families’ exposure to adverts for unhealthy food”, according to the draft document.

It said: “This will mean that fewer of the shows watched by many of our children — including some popular Saturday night entertainment — will contain adverts for unhealthy foods.”

One option under consideration is an adjustment to the audience index, the method used to determine whether a programme appeals disproportionately to a particular demographic group, in this case children.

Other measures include asking retailers to stop promotions that involve unhealthy food and asking food producers to cut the amount of sugar in their products by at least 20 per cent by 2020 — but these measures would not be mandatory.

Tackling the growing problem of childhood obesity was a priority area for David Cameron, former prime minister. The government decided in the March Budget to levy a sugar tax on carbonated drinks in 2018.

His successor, Theresa May has made few, if any, public pronouncements on health and the status of the new white paper, while signed off by Mr Cameron, is unclear. The wait for the document to reach the top of her in-tray could push back publication from next week to beyond the end of the parliamentary session.

The government also proposes to follow the US in legislating against the use of harmful trans fats — such as hydrogenated vegetable oils — in England from the end of 2017. Manufacturers have already been cutting their use of trans fats, which are now estimated to account for less than 1 per cent of daily food energy. Action on Sugar, the lobby group headed by Graham MacGregor, professor of cardiovascular medicine at Queen Mary University, criticised the proposed initiatives as “pathetic” for failing to set mandatory sugar reduction targets. Voluntary measures tended to be eroded by the food industry, it said.

Prof McGregor called on Theresa May in her new capacity as prime minister to review the strategy and make it more “robust”. He said: “It is a huge opportunity following Brexit for the British food industry, which has led the world in reducing salt, to lead also the world in preventing obesity and type 2 diabetes.”

Tim Rycroft, corporate affairs director at the Food and Drink Federation, the industry group, said: “I would be heartened if there were a commitment to work in partnership with the industry. The idea of an industry-wide sugar reduction target doesn’t make sense because different food categories have to proceed at a different pace.”

The Food and Drink Federation called on the government last week to put on hold the sugar tax on carbonated drinks, scheduled for 2018, because of the Brexit vote. “At a time when business and consumer confidence is fragile, the government has to be careful not to impose additional burdens on business,” said Mr Rycroft.

There are currently 1.6m obese children, equivalent to one in five of those aged 12.

请根据你所读到的文章内容，完成以下自测题目：

1. Which day’s night shows have been the target according to a draft of the document?

A. Friday

B. Sunday

C. Saturday

D. Monday

2. What kind of condiment was asked to cut the amount by 2020?

A. oil

B. salt

C. sugar

D. axunge

3. What should be avoided in legislating by US government?

A. trans fats

B. animal fat

C. sugar

D. protein

4. How many children might be obese among ten 12-year-old boys?

A. 2

B. 4

C. 6

D. 8

[1] 答案 C. Saturday

解释：根据FT看到的文件显示，周六晚间的电视节目成为这次禁令的目标。

[2] 答案 C. sugar

解释：食品制造商被要求在2020年以前减少百分之20以上的用糖量，不过这个措施并不是强制的。

[3] 答案 A. trans fats

解释：现代认为人造的反式脂肪酸是比饱和脂肪酸更不健康的脂肪酸，美国加工食品内的反式脂肪已经几乎消失（因为法令规定一定要诚实标示、而公众也知道反式脂肪比饱和脂肪危险许多），并即将正式全面禁用部分氢化植物油，而也有多起因反式脂肪而引起的法律诉讼正在进行。

[4] 答案 A. 2

解释：文章最后一段，估测在12岁的孩子中五分之一有过胖的问题。