英语听力汇总   |   托福阅读如何通过构词法猜测词义

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更新日期:2017-09-14浏览次数:420次所属教程:托福阅读

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听力原文

  1、利用合成词猜测词义

  Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyone partakes in for fun.

  根据短语构成及上下文意思看,此处partakes in相当于takes part in。再如break out-outbreak(名词爆发),set out-outset(名词起始),come in-income(名词收入) 。

  2、用前、后缀猜测词义

  英语中的前缀、后缀构词颇多,且特定的缀往往表示特定的含义,把握住这一点,可起到以不变应万变的效果。

  1) He had been overworking and fell ill at last.

  overwork是由前缀over-加动词构成,over有"超过、过于"之意,overwork意思是"工作过多,劳累过度"。再如,overburden负担过重,overcharge要价过高,overdo做得过分。英语中常用的前缀还有:

  mis-错,误:misfortune不幸;mislead误导;mismanage处理不当

  mid-中央:midnight半夜;midway半路

  under-低于:underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估

  anti-反对:antibody抗体;anticyclone反气旋;antifreeze防冻剂

  下面划线单词为常见后缀派生词:

  1) You must stop dreaming and face reality.(-ty为名词的标志)

  2) The country is trying to popularize education. (-ize为及物动词的标志,再如realize, modernize)