第一页:片段欣赏
第二页:巧学口语
第三页:小小翻译家
第四页:文化一瞥
精彩对白
LeBoeuf: I am not accustomed to so large a fire. In Texas, we'll make do with a fire of little more than twigs or buffalo chips, heat the night’s ration of beans. And, it is Ranger policy never to make your camp in the same place as your cook fire. Very imprudent to make your presence known in unsettled country. How do you know that Bagby will have intelligence?
Rooster Cogburn: He has a store.
LeBoeuf: That makes him an authority on movements in the Territory?
Rooster Cogburn: We have entered a wild place and anyone coming in, wantin' any kind of supply, cannot pick and choose his portal.
LeBoeuf: That is a piece of foolishness. All the snakes are asleep this time of year.
Rooster Cogburn: They have been known to wake up.
Mattie Ross: Well, let me have a rope too.
Rooster Cogburn: A snake would not bother you. You are too little and bony. You should fetch water for the mornin', put it by the fire. The creek's gonna ice over tonight.
Mattie Ross: I am not going down there again. If you want any more water you can fetch it yourself.
LeBoeuf: You're lucky to be traveling in a place where a spring is so handy. In my country you can ride for days and see no ground water. I have lapped filthy water from a hoof print and was glad to have it.
Rooster Cogburn: If I ever meet one of you Texas waddies who says he had never drank water out of a horse track I think I'll shake his hand, give him a Daniel Webster cigar.
LeBoeuf: You don't believe it?
Rooster Cogburn: Oh, I believed it the first twenty-five times I heard it. Maybe...maybe it is true. Maybe lappin' water off the ground is Ranger policy.
LeBoeuf: You are getting ready to show your ignorance now, Cogburn. I don't mind a little personal chaffin' but I won't hear anything against the Ranger troop from a man like you.
Rooster Cogburn: How long you boys been mounted on sheep down there?
LeBoeuf: My white Appaloosa still be galloping when that big American stud of yours is winded and collapsed. Now make another joke about it. You are only trying to put on a show for this girl Mattie, who what you must think is a keen tongue.
Rooster Cogburn: This is like women talking.
LeBoeuf: Yes, that is the way! Make me out foolish in this girl's eyes.
Rooster Cogburn: I think she has got you pretty well figured.
Mattie Ross: Would you two like to hear the story of "The Midnight Caller"? One of you is gonna have to be "The Caller" and I will tell you what to say, and I will do all the other parts myself.[page]
第一页:片段欣赏
第二页:巧学口语
第三页:小小翻译家
第四页:文化一瞥
1. twig: 嫩枝,小枝。用作动词也可以表示“突然懂得,意识到”。
比如: I kept dropping hints but he still didn't twig. (我一直不停地暗示他,但他还是不懂。)
2. cook fire: 炊火。
3. intelligence: 情报,信息。
比如:electronic intelligence(电子情报,电子侦察)、counter-intelligence(反情报秘密行动、反情报政府部门)。
4. spring: 泉水。这里拉伯夫的意思是“你们在随时可以有水的地方已经很幸运了”。后面的so handy表示“非常容易得到,唾手可得”。
5. ground water: 地下水。
6. hoof print: 蹄印。
7. waddy: 在美国方言中指牧童,类似于cowboy。也可以用来表示“棍棒”,strike with a waddy就是指“用棍棒打”。
8. Appaloosa: 北美产的雄健马种,阿帕卢萨马。
9. gallop: 疾驰,飞奔。也可以指“急急忙忙地说”。
After a hard gallop, the horse was played out.(那马跑得精疲力竭。)
10.put on a show: 做戏,假装给人看。Put on a rival show则是指“唱对台戏”。
11.This is like women talking: 你说话怎么跟女人似的。[page]
第一页:片段欣赏
第二页:巧学口语
第三页:小小翻译家
第四页:文化一瞥
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1. 把你的行踪暴露在荒野是非常不明智的。
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2. 你们在随时可以有水的地方已经很幸运了。
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3. 你就想在Mattie面前作秀吗?
___________________________________
4. 你说话怎么跟女人似的。
___________________________________
[page]
第一页:片段欣赏
第二页:巧学口语
第三页:小小翻译家
第四页:文化一瞥
美国西进运动
美国西进运动是19世纪美国人口向西部迁移而引起一系列社会活动和社会变革的总称,是美国人对西部的开发过程,也是美国城市化、工业化和美利坚民族大融合的过程。西进运动彻底改变了美国的面貌:大片荒地被开垦出来,大批的资本主义农场建立起来,西部农业的发展为工业的发展提供了大量的粮食、原料、出口产品和国内市场;使美国的劳动力布局有所改变:促进了国内统一大市场的形成,东西部互补性贸易迅速发展;西部资源的开发和利用还满足了工业发展的需要,交通运输业也飞速发展。美国的西进运动激发了美国人的创造力和经济活力,提高了美国的综合国力和国际地位,对美国整个国民经济的起飞具有重要的意义,对美国的经济、政治、文化、思想、军事等社会各方面产生了重大影响,同时也是美国文化本土化的发展历程。
在西进运动过程中,出现3次巨大的移民高潮。
第一次移民高潮出现在1815年以后,两股移民朝着两个方向移动。一股是来自沿海地带和德国的移民,他们汇合起来,逐步开拓了俄亥俄河以北的整个地区,建立了美国谷物生产和牧畜业的基地。另一股是来自东南部的移民,他们进入了濒临墨西哥湾介于佐治亚南部与路易斯安那之间的平原地区。在这个地区,逐渐建立以生产和销售棉花为主的大种植园,从而扩大了南部奴隶制经济。
第二次移民高潮出现在18世纪末期和19世纪初期。由于美国政府颁布一系列的土地法令并从法国购买了路易斯安那广大地区,移民们感到拓殖活动有了一定的保证,纷纷涌向西部,开拓俄亥俄、肯塔基和田纳西等地区,为后来日益扩大的中西部产粮区奠定了基础。
第三次移民高潮是伴随着19世纪中叶美国领土扩张和兼并到来的。当时,美国的领土扩张朝着两个方向继续推进:在西南方面,它于1845年兼并得克萨斯;在1848年美墨战争中,夺取墨西哥领土的一半;在西北方面,经过与英国长期谈判,于1846年取得俄勒冈大片土地。最后,这两方面的扩张在加利福尼亚汇合,完成对整个大西部的占领。与此同时,由于加利福尼亚发现金矿,激起涌向西部采掘黄金的移民浪潮。后来,一部分淘金人转而务农或开设店铺成为加州的永久定居者;另一部分则从加州前往西北部地区勘查矿藏。在19世纪50、60年代,由于小农大量移入进行粮食生产和落基山脉以西地区被划分为一些州和准州,开采矿藏的营寨发展成为永久性居住区。