1. For this cause I've changed my major.(x)
For this reason I've changed my major. (√)
cause是造成某个事件的直接“原因”，如:The cause of most car accidents is speeding by drivers.(大部分车祸的原因是驾驶员超速。) reason是事后提出解释的“理由”。
2. The management wanted to know the cause for the strike.(x)
The management wanted to know the cause of the strike. (√)
英文习惯上说the reason for sth，如:Tell me the reason for your frequent absences(请告诉我你经常缺课/旷职的理由.)不过，the cause of sth是“发生某事的原因”的固定说法。然而也有cause for alarm / concern/optimism/pessimism的说法，即“惊慌/担心/乐观/悲观的理由或必要”，如:There is no cause for alarm.(没有必要惊慌嘛。)
3. Air pollution is the most important cause of acid rain.(x)
Air pollution is the major cause of acid rain. (√)
中文可以说“最重要的原因”，英文却不可说the most important cause。正确的说法是 a / the chief / major / primary cause。
4. The poem sings the joy of being young.(x)
The poem celebrates / sings of the joy of being young.(√)
诗歌“歌颂”某物，须用 celebrate sth 或 sing of sth，不过后者是较为传统的说法。
5. The festival is alive with celebrities and other activities. (x)
The festival is alive with celebrations and other activities. (√)
celebrities是“名人”，与other activities (其他活动)不能对应，须用celebrations(庆祝活动)才贴切。
6. There are certainly things we need to discuss.(x)
There are certain things we need to discuss.(√)
a certain + 单数名词. 表“某一”; certain + 复数名词，表“某些”。certainly是副词，表“的确”，通常置于被修饰的动词或形容词之前，如：There certainly are things we need to discuss.(的确有些事情我们需要讨论一番。)
7. I know for certainty that the thief is hiding in here somewhere.(x)
I know for certain that the thief is hiding in here somewhere.(√)
know/say for certain(有把握知道/说出)为固定用法。如要用certunty，则必须说I know with certainty that....。
8. A new law has been enacted to protect the physically challenging.(x)
A new law has been enacted to protect the physically challenged. (√)
challenging是形容词，意为“具有挑战性的”，如:The task is at once challenging and rewarding.(这项工作既富挑战性且同时具有回馈性。) the physically /mentally challenged (身心障碍者)是代替the handicapped 的较委婉的说法。
9. You did have a chance, but you destroyed it.(x)
You did have a chance, but you blew it. (√)
“毁掉一个机会”的说法是 blow / ruin / spoil a chance。
10. This will increase your chances to win the election.(x)
This will increase your chances of winning the election. (√)
当chance=opportunity(机会)时，其后可接动词不定式，如:I had no chance to introduce myself.(我没有机会作自我介绍。)不过，当chance=possibility((可能性;几率)时，其后须接 of + N/V-ing。