双语新闻：美国机构警告：预计不久的将来会出现大规模珊瑚白化
The American agency that follows the risk of coral bleaching around the world says "the worst bleaching event in the history of the planet may come soon."
跟踪世界各地珊瑚白化风险的美国机构表示，“地球历史上最严重的白化事件可能很快就会到来。”
Those are the words of Derek Manzello, head of NOAA's Coral Reef Watch.
这是美国国家海洋和大气管理局珊瑚礁观察组织负责人德里克·曼泽洛的话。
NOAA is the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NOAA是美国国家海洋和大气管理局。
Manzello said the "entirety" of the Southern Hemisphere is "probably going to bleach this year." The Southern Hemisphere is currently in summer and suffering from record-breaking water temperatures.
曼泽洛说，“整个”南半球“今年可能会变白”。南半球目前正处于夏季，水温破纪录。
Experts say climate change and the El Nino weather pattern are to blame for the warmer water.
专家表示，气候变化和厄尔尼诺天气模式是海水变暖的罪魁祸首。
Sensitive organisms
敏感的生物
Corals are small marine organisms that attach to mineral deposits in the ocean. Collections of the animals form ocean structures that support many kinds of sea life.
珊瑚是附着在海洋矿藏上的小型海洋生物。这些动物的集合形成了支持多种海洋生物的海洋结构。
Bleaching is the term used by experts who see the once colorful coral turn white when water temperatures rise. It is a sign the animals are dying.
漂白是专家们使用的术语，他们看到曾经色彩斑斓的珊瑚随着水温上升而变白。这是动物濒临死亡的迹象。
If corals die or go dormant, they can hurt fishing and tourism industries.
如果珊瑚死亡或休眠，它们会损害渔业和旅游业。
The last large coral bleaching event around the world took place from 2014 to 2017. At the time, the Great Barrier Reef off Australia lost nearly one-third of its coral. Overall, the world lost 15 percent of its coral.
全球上一次大规模珊瑚白化事件发生在2014年至2017年。当时，澳大利亚附近的大堡礁失去了近三分之一的珊瑚。总的来说，世界上失去了15%的珊瑚。
Corals get their color from small plants called algae that live inside them. The high temperatures stress the coral and cause them to expel the algae. When that happens, the corals lose their color. The algae help the coral stay healthy and without it, the corals face increasing risk of disease.
珊瑚的颜色来自生活在珊瑚体内的一种叫做藻类的小植物。高温对珊瑚造成压力，导致它们排出藻类。当这种情况发生时，珊瑚就会失去颜色。藻类帮助珊瑚保持健康，没有藻类，珊瑚面临越来越大的疾病风险。
Observers are concerned that 2024's bleaching will be even worse than the last time. Scientists reported the worst coral bleaching on record in the Caribbean late last year.
观察人士担心，2024年的白化现象将比上次更严重。科学家报告说，去年年底加勒比地区出现了有记录以来最严重的珊瑚白化现象。
Manzello said there is coral bleaching "all over the place" in the Southern Hemisphere. He said all of the Great Barrier Reef is bleaching as are reefs in the territory of American Samoa.
曼泽洛说，南半球“到处”都有珊瑚白化现象。他说，所有的大堡礁都在白化，美属萨摩亚领土上的珊瑚礁也是如此。
The El Nino weather pattern always brings warmer ocean temperatures. However, the world just experienced one of the warmest 12-month periods on record. In 2023, temperatures were 1.5 degrees Celsius higher than during pre-industrial times. Scientists say a longer period of high temperatures could cause the deaths of 90 percent of the world's coral.
厄尔尼诺天气模式总是会带来更高的海洋温度。然而，世界刚刚经历了有记录以来最热的12个月之一。2023年，气温比前工业化时代高出1.5摄氏度。科学家表示，更长时间的高温可能导致世界上90%的珊瑚死亡。
Manzello noted that scientists must look at coral in all three major oceans – Atlantic, Pacific and Indian – to call a bleaching event "global."
曼泽洛指出，科学家必须观察大西洋、太平洋和印度洋这三个主要海洋的珊瑚，才能将白化事件称为“全球性”。
Scientists use sea surface temperature data and examine satellite imagery of reefs to measure for bleaching. Based on studies so far, Manzello said the world is "already there."
科学家们利用海洋表面温度数据和检查珊瑚礁的卫星图像来测量白化。根据目前的研究，曼泽洛表示，这个世界“已经存在了”。
A similar study of Indian Ocean coral is continuing.
对印度洋珊瑚的类似研究仍在继续。
Joanne Manning is a spokesperson for the Australian Institute of Marine Science. Manning said the organization has documented extensive bleaching in the Keppels area and Capricorn-Bunker groups. She said the group's research continues.
乔安妮·曼宁是澳大利亚海洋科学研究所的发言人。曼宁说，该组织已经记录了Keppels地区和摩羯座-邦克地区广泛的白化现象。她说，该组织的研究仍在继续。
跟踪世界各地珊瑚白化风险的美国机构表示，“地球历史上最严重的白化事件可能很快就会到来。”
Those are the words of Derek Manzello, head of NOAA's Coral Reef Watch.
这是美国国家海洋和大气管理局珊瑚礁观察组织负责人德里克·曼泽洛的话。
NOAA is the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NOAA是美国国家海洋和大气管理局。
Manzello said the "entirety" of the Southern Hemisphere is "probably going to bleach this year." The Southern Hemisphere is currently in summer and suffering from record-breaking water temperatures.
曼泽洛说，“整个”南半球“今年可能会变白”。南半球目前正处于夏季，水温破纪录。
Experts say climate change and the El Nino weather pattern are to blame for the warmer water.
专家表示，气候变化和厄尔尼诺天气模式是海水变暖的罪魁祸首。
Sensitive organisms
敏感的生物
Corals are small marine organisms that attach to mineral deposits in the ocean. Collections of the animals form ocean structures that support many kinds of sea life.
珊瑚是附着在海洋矿藏上的小型海洋生物。这些动物的集合形成了支持多种海洋生物的海洋结构。
Bleaching is the term used by experts who see the once colorful coral turn white when water temperatures rise. It is a sign the animals are dying.
漂白是专家们使用的术语，他们看到曾经色彩斑斓的珊瑚随着水温上升而变白。这是动物濒临死亡的迹象。
If corals die or go dormant, they can hurt fishing and tourism industries.
如果珊瑚死亡或休眠，它们会损害渔业和旅游业。
The last large coral bleaching event around the world took place from 2014 to 2017. At the time, the Great Barrier Reef off Australia lost nearly one-third of its coral. Overall, the world lost 15 percent of its coral.
全球上一次大规模珊瑚白化事件发生在2014年至2017年。当时，澳大利亚附近的大堡礁失去了近三分之一的珊瑚。总的来说，世界上失去了15%的珊瑚。
Corals get their color from small plants called algae that live inside them. The high temperatures stress the coral and cause them to expel the algae. When that happens, the corals lose their color. The algae help the coral stay healthy and without it, the corals face increasing risk of disease.
珊瑚的颜色来自生活在珊瑚体内的一种叫做藻类的小植物。高温对珊瑚造成压力，导致它们排出藻类。当这种情况发生时，珊瑚就会失去颜色。藻类帮助珊瑚保持健康，没有藻类，珊瑚面临越来越大的疾病风险。
Observers are concerned that 2024's bleaching will be even worse than the last time. Scientists reported the worst coral bleaching on record in the Caribbean late last year.
观察人士担心，2024年的白化现象将比上次更严重。科学家报告说，去年年底加勒比地区出现了有记录以来最严重的珊瑚白化现象。
Manzello said there is coral bleaching "all over the place" in the Southern Hemisphere. He said all of the Great Barrier Reef is bleaching as are reefs in the territory of American Samoa.
曼泽洛说，南半球“到处”都有珊瑚白化现象。他说，所有的大堡礁都在白化，美属萨摩亚领土上的珊瑚礁也是如此。
The El Nino weather pattern always brings warmer ocean temperatures. However, the world just experienced one of the warmest 12-month periods on record. In 2023, temperatures were 1.5 degrees Celsius higher than during pre-industrial times. Scientists say a longer period of high temperatures could cause the deaths of 90 percent of the world's coral.
厄尔尼诺天气模式总是会带来更高的海洋温度。然而，世界刚刚经历了有记录以来最热的12个月之一。2023年，气温比前工业化时代高出1.5摄氏度。科学家表示，更长时间的高温可能导致世界上90%的珊瑚死亡。
Manzello noted that scientists must look at coral in all three major oceans – Atlantic, Pacific and Indian – to call a bleaching event "global."
曼泽洛指出，科学家必须观察大西洋、太平洋和印度洋这三个主要海洋的珊瑚，才能将白化事件称为“全球性”。
Scientists use sea surface temperature data and examine satellite imagery of reefs to measure for bleaching. Based on studies so far, Manzello said the world is "already there."
科学家们利用海洋表面温度数据和检查珊瑚礁的卫星图像来测量白化。根据目前的研究，曼泽洛表示，这个世界“已经存在了”。
A similar study of Indian Ocean coral is continuing.
对印度洋珊瑚的类似研究仍在继续。
Joanne Manning is a spokesperson for the Australian Institute of Marine Science. Manning said the organization has documented extensive bleaching in the Keppels area and Capricorn-Bunker groups. She said the group's research continues.
乔安妮·曼宁是澳大利亚海洋科学研究所的发言人。曼宁说，该组织已经记录了Keppels地区和摩羯座-邦克地区广泛的白化现象。她说，该组织的研究仍在继续。
