双语新闻：什么是大脑状况额颞叶痴呆

A brain wasting disease called frontotemporal dementia has gained attention after television and film personalities said they suffered from it.

一种叫做额颞叶痴呆的大脑消耗疾病引起了人们的关注，因为电视和电影名人都说他们患有这种疾病。

In a statement, caregivers said doctors told talk show host Wendy Williams that she had the unusual form of dementia. It said Williams had undergone many medical tests to identify the condition. Actor Bruce Willis is also reportedly affected by the condition.

护理人员在一份声明中说，医生告诉脱口秀主持人温迪·威廉姆斯，她患有一种不寻常的痴呆症。声明说，威廉姆斯已经接受了许多医学检查来确定病情。据报道，演员布鲁斯·威利斯也受到这种疾病的影响。

What is frontotemporal dementia?

什么是额颞叶痴呆?

Frontotemporal dementia, or FTD, is a rare disease that affects parts of the brain controlling behavior and language. These parts of the brain shrink as the disease gets worse.

额颞叶痴呆(FTD)是一种罕见的疾病，它会影响大脑中控制行为和语言的部分。随着病情恶化，大脑的这些部分会萎缩。

FTD usually can affect people in their 40s through their early 60s. It can change a person's personality, causing a loss of control or wild behavior. It is sometimes mistaken for mental health disorders like depression or bipolar disorder. It can take years for doctors to diagnose the condition.

FTD通常会影响40岁到60岁出头的人。它可以改变一个人的性格，导致失控或行为狂野。它有时被误认为是精神健康障碍，如抑郁症或双相情感障碍。医生可能需要数年时间才能诊断出这种疾病。

Brenda Rapp is a scientist at Johns Hopkins University. Rapp described signs of the disease this way: "Maybe you're doing things that are bothering people and you don't really understand why they're bothering people."

布伦达·拉普是约翰·霍普金斯大学的一名科学家。拉普这样描述这种疾病的症状:“也许你正在做一些让人烦恼的事情，但你并不真正明白为什么它们会让人烦恼。”

The disease is linked to primary progressive aphasia, which is a condition affecting a person's ability to communicate. A person with this sort of FTD may have trouble finding words or understanding speech.

这种疾病与原发性进行性失语症有关，这是一种影响人沟通能力的疾病。患有这种类型的FTD的人可能在找词或理解语言方面有困难。

What causes FTD?

FTD的病因是什么?

Damage to neurons, the brain's information carriers, is believed to be part of the problem but the root reasons for a case are often unclear. People with a family history of the condition are more likely to develop it. But most people with FTD have no family history of dementia.

大脑的信息载体神经元的损伤被认为是问题的一部分，但一个病例的根本原因往往不清楚。有家族病史的人更有可能患上这种疾病。但大多数FTD患者没有痴呆症的家族史。

Can FTD be treated?

FTD可以治疗吗?

There is no cure for FTD, but there are different ways to try to deal with it. People might get speech therapy if they have the kind that affects language. They might get physical therapy to improve movement.

FTD没有治愈的方法，但有不同的方法来对付它。如果人们患有影响语言的那种疾病，他们可能会接受语言治疗。他们可能会接受物理治疗来改善运动。

Some patients receive antidepressants or drugs for Parkinson's, a nervous system disease, which has some of the same symptoms as FTD.

一些患者接受抗抑郁药或帕金森氏症药物治疗，帕金森氏症是一种神经系统疾病，与FTD有一些相同的症状。

How fast does FTD progress?

FTD进展有多快?

FTD can be a long illness, lasting two to 10 years. People with FTD will need caregiving or nursing support as their symptoms get worse.

手足口病可能是一种长期疾病，持续2到10年。随着症状恶化，FTD患者将需要护理或护理支持。

"The disease will spread throughout the brain," Rapp said. "The rate at which it does that is extremely unpredictable. So, it's very hard to know...how quickly someone will deteriorate."

“这种疾病会扩散到整个大脑，”拉普说。“它的速度是极其不可预测的。所以，很难知道……一个人恶化的速度有多快。”

The financial costs for a family can be high. The Alzheimer's Association estimates that it costs $10,000 a year, on average, in the United States for health and long-term care for a person with dementia.

一个家庭的经济成本可能很高。阿尔茨海默氏症协会估计，在美国，为一位痴呆症患者的健康和长期护理，平均每年要花费1万美元。