双语新闻：2023年最佳科技故事
The past year marked the rise of ChatGPT and other artificial intelligence (AI) tools. But here is a look back at some of the other noteworthy technology stories we covered in 2023.
过去的一年标志着ChatGPT和其他人工智能(AI)工具的兴起。但让我们回顾一下我们在2023年报道的其他一些值得注意的科技故事。
Google, Apple face major legal challenges
谷歌、苹果面临重大法律挑战
Both Apple and Google faced lawsuits accusing them of carrying out unfair business methods linked to their app stores. The cases might cost the companies billions of dollars and change the way similar app stores do business.
苹果和谷歌都面临诉讼，指控他们在应用商店中使用不公平的商业方法。这些案件可能会让这些公司损失数十亿美元，并改变类似应用商店的经营方式。
A decision in the Google case was reached earlier this month when an American jury found Google's app store operates as an illegal monopoly. The case was brought by video game company Epic Games.
本月早些时候，一个美国陪审团发现谷歌的应用程序商店是非法垄断，就谷歌一案做出了裁决。这起案件是由视频游戏公司Epic Games提起的。
One of the main questions in the case was whether Google had the right to require app developers to use Google's app store's payment systems. The jury ruled Google's monopoly covered both its app selling system and payment processing within the app. Google condemned the decision and appealed the ruling.
该案的一个主要问题是，谷歌是否有权要求应用程序开发者使用谷歌应用商店的支付系统。陪审团裁定谷歌的垄断包括其应用程序销售系统和应用程序内的支付处理。谷歌谴责了这一裁决，并提出了上诉。
Epic brought a similar lawsuit against iPhone maker Apple that was decided in April. In that case, a judge in California mostly sided with Apple. But the judge did order Apple to permit developers to add their own links to process payments within iPhone apps.
今年4月，Epic对iPhone制造商苹果提起了类似的诉讼。在那起案件中，加州的一名法官基本上站在了苹果一边。但法官确实命令苹果允许开发者在iPhone应用程序中添加自己的支付处理链接。
EV battery technology and production
电动车电池技术及生产
The worldwide demand for electric vehicle (EV) batteries continues to grow. But supplies of the materials used to make them are limited. Currently, China controls most mining and processing of a group of 17 metals known as rare earths.
全球对电动汽车(EV)电池的需求持续增长。但用于制造它们的材料供应有限。目前，中国控制着17种被称为稀土的金属的大部分开采和加工。
One of the main materials used to produce the batteries is lithium, a light metal substance. Other necessary materials include the metallic elements cobalt, manganese and nickel. Even though some of the minerals are mined in nations outside China, Chinese companies still hold ownership over the operations.
用于生产电池的主要材料之一是锂，一种轻金属物质。其他必要的材料包括金属元素钴、锰和镍。尽管其中一些矿产是在中国以外的国家开采的，但中国公司仍然拥有这些业务的所有权。
In an effort to avoid a dependence on Chinese controlled materials, the United States and other countries are seeking to mine and process more materials at home.
为了避免对中国管制材料的依赖，美国和其他国家正在寻求在国内开采和加工更多的材料。
In February, U.S. President Joe Biden announced federal assistance programs to help companies mine and process lithium and other rare metals. Similar efforts were announced in other countries, including Britain and Germany.
今年2月，美国总统拜登宣布了联邦援助计划，帮助公司开采和加工锂和其他稀有金属。包括英国和德国在内的其他国家也宣布了类似的举措。
In addition, major automakers said they were seeking new EV engine designs that are less dependent on rare earth minerals. EV market leader Tesla said it plans to remove rare earths from its next-generation EVs. Other automakers said they are in the process of researching or developing EV motors that use little or no rare earth minerals. These include General Motors, Jaguar Land Rover, and BMW.
此外，主要汽车制造商表示，他们正在寻求新的电动汽车发动机设计，减少对稀土矿物的依赖。电动汽车市场领导者特斯拉表示，计划在下一代电动汽车中不使用稀土。其他汽车制造商表示，他们正在研究或开发使用很少或不使用稀土矿物的电动汽车发动机。这些公司包括通用汽车、捷豹路虎和宝马。
Robotic developments
机器人的发展
We covered several developments involving robotic systems.
我们介绍了几个涉及机器人系统的发展。
A team of American researchers announced it had built a human-like robot that can play soccer at a high level. The robot, named ARTEMIS, is one of only a few humanoid robots that can run. It also can walk and jump on different kinds of surfaces without losing its balance. The robot also can kick a ball and remain standing even when kicked or hit, the team said.
一组美国研究人员宣布，他们已经制造出了一个能踢高水平足球的人形机器人。这个名为ARTEMIS的机器人是为数不多的能跑的人形机器人之一。它还可以在不同的表面上行走和跳跃而不会失去平衡。该团队表示，该机器人还可以踢球，即使被踢或被击中也能保持站立。
In Germany, many companies – large and small – turned to robots to fill jobs as the country faced a severe labor shortage. The International Federation of Robotics estimated that about 26,000 robotic machines were put into use in Germany last year. Experts say increasing robotic operations are a sign that robots have become easier to use, with no special skills required.
在德国，由于面临严重的劳动力短缺，许多大大小小的公司都转向机器人来填补工作岗位。国际机器人联合会估计，去年德国投入使用的机器人约有2.6万台。专家表示，越来越多的机器人操作表明，机器人已经变得更容易使用，不需要特殊技能。
However, the risks of using machines in the workplace were demonstrated in South Korea, where an industrial robot crushed a worker to death at a vegetable processing center. Police said the victim was an employee of a company that deploys industrial robots to businesses.
然而，在韩国，在一个蔬菜加工中心，一个工业机器人碾压了一名工人，证明了在工作场所使用机器的风险。警方表示，受害者是一家为企业部署工业机器人的公司的员工。
NASA even tested a snake-like explorer designed to search for signs of life in hard-to-reach places. The American space agency said the robot is equipped to move in ways that traditional explorer vehicles, called rovers, cannot. In the future, NASA plans to send the robot to space to search for signs of life in an underground ocean on Saturn's moon Enceladus.
美国宇航局甚至测试了一种蛇形探测器，旨在寻找难以到达的地方的生命迹象。美国航天局表示，该机器人的移动方式是传统的探测车无法做到的。未来，美国宇航局计划将该机器人送入太空，在土星卫星土卫二的地下海洋中寻找生命迹象。
过去的一年标志着ChatGPT和其他人工智能(AI)工具的兴起。但让我们回顾一下我们在2023年报道的其他一些值得注意的科技故事。
Google, Apple face major legal challenges
谷歌、苹果面临重大法律挑战
Both Apple and Google faced lawsuits accusing them of carrying out unfair business methods linked to their app stores. The cases might cost the companies billions of dollars and change the way similar app stores do business.
苹果和谷歌都面临诉讼，指控他们在应用商店中使用不公平的商业方法。这些案件可能会让这些公司损失数十亿美元，并改变类似应用商店的经营方式。
A decision in the Google case was reached earlier this month when an American jury found Google's app store operates as an illegal monopoly. The case was brought by video game company Epic Games.
本月早些时候，一个美国陪审团发现谷歌的应用程序商店是非法垄断，就谷歌一案做出了裁决。这起案件是由视频游戏公司Epic Games提起的。
One of the main questions in the case was whether Google had the right to require app developers to use Google's app store's payment systems. The jury ruled Google's monopoly covered both its app selling system and payment processing within the app. Google condemned the decision and appealed the ruling.
该案的一个主要问题是，谷歌是否有权要求应用程序开发者使用谷歌应用商店的支付系统。陪审团裁定谷歌的垄断包括其应用程序销售系统和应用程序内的支付处理。谷歌谴责了这一裁决，并提出了上诉。
Epic brought a similar lawsuit against iPhone maker Apple that was decided in April. In that case, a judge in California mostly sided with Apple. But the judge did order Apple to permit developers to add their own links to process payments within iPhone apps.
今年4月，Epic对iPhone制造商苹果提起了类似的诉讼。在那起案件中，加州的一名法官基本上站在了苹果一边。但法官确实命令苹果允许开发者在iPhone应用程序中添加自己的支付处理链接。
EV battery technology and production
电动车电池技术及生产
The worldwide demand for electric vehicle (EV) batteries continues to grow. But supplies of the materials used to make them are limited. Currently, China controls most mining and processing of a group of 17 metals known as rare earths.
全球对电动汽车(EV)电池的需求持续增长。但用于制造它们的材料供应有限。目前，中国控制着17种被称为稀土的金属的大部分开采和加工。
One of the main materials used to produce the batteries is lithium, a light metal substance. Other necessary materials include the metallic elements cobalt, manganese and nickel. Even though some of the minerals are mined in nations outside China, Chinese companies still hold ownership over the operations.
用于生产电池的主要材料之一是锂，一种轻金属物质。其他必要的材料包括金属元素钴、锰和镍。尽管其中一些矿产是在中国以外的国家开采的，但中国公司仍然拥有这些业务的所有权。
In an effort to avoid a dependence on Chinese controlled materials, the United States and other countries are seeking to mine and process more materials at home.
为了避免对中国管制材料的依赖，美国和其他国家正在寻求在国内开采和加工更多的材料。
In February, U.S. President Joe Biden announced federal assistance programs to help companies mine and process lithium and other rare metals. Similar efforts were announced in other countries, including Britain and Germany.
今年2月，美国总统拜登宣布了联邦援助计划，帮助公司开采和加工锂和其他稀有金属。包括英国和德国在内的其他国家也宣布了类似的举措。
In addition, major automakers said they were seeking new EV engine designs that are less dependent on rare earth minerals. EV market leader Tesla said it plans to remove rare earths from its next-generation EVs. Other automakers said they are in the process of researching or developing EV motors that use little or no rare earth minerals. These include General Motors, Jaguar Land Rover, and BMW.
此外，主要汽车制造商表示，他们正在寻求新的电动汽车发动机设计，减少对稀土矿物的依赖。电动汽车市场领导者特斯拉表示，计划在下一代电动汽车中不使用稀土。其他汽车制造商表示，他们正在研究或开发使用很少或不使用稀土矿物的电动汽车发动机。这些公司包括通用汽车、捷豹路虎和宝马。
Robotic developments
机器人的发展
We covered several developments involving robotic systems.
我们介绍了几个涉及机器人系统的发展。
A team of American researchers announced it had built a human-like robot that can play soccer at a high level. The robot, named ARTEMIS, is one of only a few humanoid robots that can run. It also can walk and jump on different kinds of surfaces without losing its balance. The robot also can kick a ball and remain standing even when kicked or hit, the team said.
一组美国研究人员宣布，他们已经制造出了一个能踢高水平足球的人形机器人。这个名为ARTEMIS的机器人是为数不多的能跑的人形机器人之一。它还可以在不同的表面上行走和跳跃而不会失去平衡。该团队表示，该机器人还可以踢球，即使被踢或被击中也能保持站立。
In Germany, many companies – large and small – turned to robots to fill jobs as the country faced a severe labor shortage. The International Federation of Robotics estimated that about 26,000 robotic machines were put into use in Germany last year. Experts say increasing robotic operations are a sign that robots have become easier to use, with no special skills required.
在德国，由于面临严重的劳动力短缺，许多大大小小的公司都转向机器人来填补工作岗位。国际机器人联合会估计，去年德国投入使用的机器人约有2.6万台。专家表示，越来越多的机器人操作表明，机器人已经变得更容易使用，不需要特殊技能。
However, the risks of using machines in the workplace were demonstrated in South Korea, where an industrial robot crushed a worker to death at a vegetable processing center. Police said the victim was an employee of a company that deploys industrial robots to businesses.
然而，在韩国，在一个蔬菜加工中心，一个工业机器人碾压了一名工人，证明了在工作场所使用机器的风险。警方表示，受害者是一家为企业部署工业机器人的公司的员工。
NASA even tested a snake-like explorer designed to search for signs of life in hard-to-reach places. The American space agency said the robot is equipped to move in ways that traditional explorer vehicles, called rovers, cannot. In the future, NASA plans to send the robot to space to search for signs of life in an underground ocean on Saturn's moon Enceladus.
美国宇航局甚至测试了一种蛇形探测器，旨在寻找难以到达的地方的生命迹象。美国航天局表示，该机器人的移动方式是传统的探测车无法做到的。未来，美国宇航局计划将该机器人送入太空，在土星卫星土卫二的地下海洋中寻找生命迹象。
